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作者：Lewis, Ethan
作者单位：Dartmouth College
摘要：Over the past thirty years, U. S. manufacturing plants invested heavily in automation machinery. This paper shows these investments substituted for the least-skilled workers and complemented middle-skilled workers at equipment and fabricated metal plants. Specifically, it exploits the fact that some metropolitan areas experienced faster growth in the relative supply of less-skilled labor in the 1980s and 1990s due to an immigration wave and the tendency of immigrants to regionally cluster. Pla...
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作者：Malamud, Ofer; Pop-Eleches, Cristian
作者单位：University of Chicago; National Bureau of Economic Research; Columbia University
摘要：This paper uses a regression discontinuity design to estimate the effect of home computers on child and adolescent outcomes by exploiting a voucher program in Romania. Our main results indicate that home computers have both positive and negative effects on the development of human capital. Children who won a voucher to purchase a computer had significantly lower school grades but show improved computer skills. There is also some evidence that winning a voucher increased cognitive skills, as me...
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作者：Chetty, Raj; Friedman, John N.; Olsen, Tore; Pistaferri, Luigi
作者单位：Harvard University; National Bureau of Economic Research; Stanford University
摘要：We show that the effects of taxes on labor supply are shaped by interactions between adjustment costs for workers and hours constraints set by firms. We develop a model in which firms post job offers characterized by an hours requirement and workers pay search costs to find jobs. We present evidence supporting three predictions of this model by analyzing bunching at kinks using Danish tax records. First, larger kinks generate larger taxable income elasticities. Second, kinks that apply to a la...
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作者：Diamond, Douglas W.; Rajan, Raghuram G.
作者单位：University of Chicago; National Bureau of Economic Research
摘要：Is there any need to clean up a banking system by closing some banks and forcing others to sell assets if the risk of a crisis becomes high? Impaired banks that may be forced to sell illiquid assets in the future have private incentives to hold, rather than sell, those assets Anticipating a potential fire sale, liquid buyers expect high returns, reducing their incentive to lend. Privately optimal trading decisions therefore lead to a worse fire sale and a larger drop in lending than is necessa...
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作者：Benabou, Roland; Tirole, Jean
作者单位：Princeton University; National Bureau of Economic Research; Universite de Toulouse; Universite Toulouse 1 Capitole; Toulouse School of Economics
摘要：We develop a theory of moral behavior, individual and collective, based on a general model of identity in which people care about who they are and infer their own values from past choices. The model sheds light on many empirical puzzles inconsistent with earlier approaches. Identity investments respond nonmonotonically to acts or threats, and taboos on mere thoughts arise to protect beliefs about the priceless value of certain social assets. High endowments trigger escalating commitment and a ...
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作者：Nunn, Nathan; Qian, Nancy
作者单位：Harvard University; National Bureau of Economic Research; Yale University
摘要：We exploit regional variation in suitability for cultivating potatoes, together with time variation arising from their introduction to the Old World from the Americas, to estimate the impact of potatoes on Old World population and urbanization. Our results show that the introduction of the potato was responsible for a significant portion of the increase in population and urbanization observed during the eighteenth and nineteenth centuries. According to our most conservative estimates, the intr...
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作者：Diermeier, Daniel; Fong, Pohan
摘要：We present a dynamic model of legislative bargaining with an endogenously evolving default policy and a persistent agenda setter. Policy making proceeds until the agenda setter can no longer pass a new policy to replace an approved bill. We prove existence and necessary conditions of pure-strategy stationary equilibria for any finite policy space, any number of players, and any preference profile. In equilibrium, the value of proposal power is limited compared to the case that disallows recons...
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作者：Aguiar, Mark; Amador, Manuel
作者单位：University of Rochester; National Bureau of Economic Research; Stanford University
摘要：We propose a tractable variant of the open economy neoclassical growth model that emphasizes political economy and contracting frictions. The political economy frictions involve a preference for immediate spending, while the contracting friction is a lack of commitment regarding foreign debt and expropriation. We show that the political economy frictions slow an economy's convergence to the steady state due to the endogenous evolution of capital taxation. The model rationalizes why openness ha...
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作者：Ali, S. Nageeb
作者单位：University of California System; University of California San Diego
摘要：This article examines how a decision maker who is only partially aware of his temptations learns about them over time. In facing temptations, individuals use their experience to forecast future self-control problems and choose the appropriate level of commitment. I demonstrate that rational learning can be perpetually partial and need not result in full sophistication. The main result of this article characterizes necessary and sufficient conditions for learning to converge to full sophisticat...
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作者：Acemoglu, Daron; Hassan, Tarek A.; Robinson, James A.
作者单位：Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT); University of Chicago; Harvard University
摘要：We document a statistical association between the severity of the persecution, displacement and mass murder of Jews by the Nazis during World War II and long-run economic and political outcomes within Russia. Cities that experienced the Holocaust most intensely have grown less, and both cities and administrative districts (oblasts) where the Holocaust had the largest impact have worse economic and political outcomes since the collapse of the Soviet Union. We provide evidence that the lasting i...
