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作者：Bernard, Andrew B.; Redding, Stephen J.; Schott, Peter K.
作者单位：Princeton University; National Bureau of Economic Research
摘要：This article develops a general equilibrium model of multiple-product, multiple-destination firms, which allows for heterogeneity in ability across firms and in product attributes within firms. Firms make endogenous entry and exit decisions and each surviving firm chooses optimally the range of products to supply to each market. We show that the resulting selection, across and within firms, provides a natural explanation for a number of features of trade across firms, products, and countries. ...
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作者：Besley, Timothy; Persson, Torsten
作者单位：University of London; London School Economics & Political Science; Stockholm University
摘要：This article offers a unified approach for studying political violence whether it emerges as repression or civil war. We formulate a model where an incumbent or opposition can use violence to maintain or acquire power to study which political and economic factors drive one-sided or two-sided violence (repression or civil war). The model predicts a hierarchy of violence states from peace via repression to civil war; and suggests a natural empirical approach. Exploiting only within-country varia...
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作者：Lewis, Ethan
作者单位：Dartmouth College
摘要：Over the past thirty years, U. S. manufacturing plants invested heavily in automation machinery. This paper shows these investments substituted for the least-skilled workers and complemented middle-skilled workers at equipment and fabricated metal plants. Specifically, it exploits the fact that some metropolitan areas experienced faster growth in the relative supply of less-skilled labor in the 1980s and 1990s due to an immigration wave and the tendency of immigrants to regionally cluster. Pla...
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作者：Kellogg, Ryan
作者单位：University of Michigan System; University of Michigan; National Bureau of Economic Research
摘要：This article examines learning-by-doing that is specific not just to individual firms but to pairs of firms working together in a contracting relationship. Using data from the oil and gas industry, I find that the productivity of an oil production company and its drilling contractor increases with their joint experience. This learning is relationship-specific: drilling rigs cannot fully appropriate the productivity gains acquired through experience with one production company to their work for...
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作者：Lewis, Gregory; Bajari, Patrick
作者单位：Harvard University; National Bureau of Economic Research; University of Minnesota System; University of Minnesota Twin Cities
摘要：In public procurement, social welfare often depends on how quickly the good is delivered. A leading example is highway construction, where slow completion inflicts a negative externality on commuters. In response, highway departments award some contracts using scoring auctions, which give contractors explicit incentives for accelerated delivery. We characterize efficient design of these mechanisms. We then gather an extensive data set of highway projects awarded by the California Department of...
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作者：Piketty, Thomas
作者单位：Paris School of Economics
摘要：This article attempts to document and account for the long-run evolution of inheritance. We find that in a country like France the annual flow of inheritance was about 20-25% of national income between 1820 and 1910, down to less than 5% in 1950, and back up to about 15% by 2010. A simple theoretical model of wealth accumulation, growth, and inheritance can fully account for the observed U-shaped pattern and levels. Using this model, we find that under plausible assumptions the annual bequest ...
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作者：Bolton, Patrick; Santos, Tano; Scheinkman, Jose A.
作者单位：Columbia University; Princeton University; National Bureau of Economic Research
摘要：We propose an origination-and-contingent-distribution model of banking, in which liquidity demand by short-term investors (banks) can be met with cash reserves (inside liquidity) or sales of assets (outside liquidity) to long-term investors (hedge funds and pension funds). Outside liquidity is a more efficient source, but asymmetric information about asset quality can introduce a friction in the form of excessively early asset trading in anticipation of a liquidity shock, excessively high cash...
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作者：Barreca, Alan I.; Guldi, Melanie; Lindo, Jason M.; Waddell, Glen R.
作者单位：Tulane University; State University System of Florida; University of Central Florida; University of Oregon; National Bureau of Economic Research
摘要：We reconsider the effect of very low birth weight classification on infant mortality. We demonstrate that the estimates are highly sensitive to the exclusion of observations in the immediate vicinity of the 1,500-g threshold, weakening the confidence in the results originally reported in Almond, Doyle, Kowalski, and Williams (2010).
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作者：Dube, Arindrajit; Kaplan, Ethan; Naidu, Suresh
作者单位：University of Massachusetts System; University of Massachusetts Amherst; University System of Maryland; University of Maryland College Park; Stockholm University; Columbia University; National Bureau of Economic Research
摘要：We estimate the impact of coups and top-secret coup authorizations on asset prices of partially nationalized multinational companies that stood to benefit from U.S.-backed coups. Stock returns of highly exposed firms reacted to coup authorizations classified as top-secret. The average cumulative abnormal return to a coup authorization was 9% over 4 days for a fully nationalized company, rising to more than 13% over 16 days. Precoup authorizations accounted for a larger share of stock price inc...
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作者：Malamud, Ofer; Pop-Eleches, Cristian
作者单位：University of Chicago; National Bureau of Economic Research; Columbia University
摘要：This paper uses a regression discontinuity design to estimate the effect of home computers on child and adolescent outcomes by exploiting a voucher program in Romania. Our main results indicate that home computers have both positive and negative effects on the development of human capital. Children who won a voucher to purchase a computer had significantly lower school grades but show improved computer skills. There is also some evidence that winning a voucher increased cognitive skills, as me...
