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作者：Bertrand, Marianne; Kamenica, Emir; Pan, Jessica
作者单位：University of Chicago; National University of Singapore
摘要：We examine causes and consequences of relative income within households. We show that the distribution of the share of income earned by the wife exhibits a sharp drop to the right of 12, where the wife's income exceeds the husband's income. We argue that this pattern is best explained by gender identity norms, which induce an aversion to a situation where the wife earns more than her husband. We present evidence that this aversion also impacts marriage formation, the wife's labor force partici...
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作者：Campante, Filipe; Yanagizawa-Drott, David
作者单位：Harvard University; National Bureau of Economic Research
摘要：We study the economic effects of religious practices in the context of the observance of Ramadan fasting, one of the central tenets of Islam. To establish causality, we exploit variation in the length of daily fasting due to the interaction between the rotating Islamic calendar and a country's latitude. We report two key, quantitatively meaningful results: (i) longer Ramadan fasting has a negative effect on output growth in Muslim countries, and (ii) it increases subjective well-being among Mu...
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作者：Costinot, Arnaud; Donaldson, Dave; Vogel, Jonathan; Werning, Ivan
作者单位：Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT); Columbia University
摘要：The theory of comparative advantage is at the core of neoclassical trade theory. Yet we know little about its implications for how nations should conduct their trade policy. For example, should import sectors with weaker comparative advantage be protected more? Conversely, should export sectors with stronger comparative advantage be subsidized less? In this article we take a first stab at exploring these issues. Our main results imply that in the context of a canonical Ricardian model, optimal...
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作者：Einav, Liran; Finkelstein, Amy; Schrimpf, Paul
作者单位：Stanford University; National Bureau of Economic Research; Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT); University of British Columbia
摘要：We study the demand response to nonlinear price schedules using data on insurance contracts and prescription drug purchases in Medicare Part D. We exploit the kink in individuals' budgets set created by the famous donut hole, where insurance becomes discontinuously much less generous on the margin, to provide descriptive evidence of the drug purchase response to a price increase. We then specify and estimate a simple dynamic model of drug use that allows us to quantify the spending response al...
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作者：Michaillat, Pascal; Saez, Emmanuel
作者单位：University of London; London School Economics & Political Science; University of California System; University of California Berkeley
摘要：This article develops a model of unemployment fluctuations. The model keeps the architecture of the general-disequilibrium model of Barro and Grossman (1971) but takes a matching approach to the labor and product markets instead of a disequilibrium approach. On the product and labor markets, both price and tightness adjust to equalize supply and demand. Since there are two equilibrium variables but only one equilibrium condition on each market, a price mechanism is needed to select an equilibr...
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作者：Piguillem, Facundo; Riboni, Alessandro
作者单位：Institut Polytechnique de Paris; Ecole Polytechnique
摘要：We study legislators who have a present bias for spending: they want to increase current spending and procrastinate spending cuts. We show that disagreement in legislatures can lead to policy persistence that attenuates the temptation to overspend. Depending on the environment, legislators' decisions to be fiscally responsible may either complement or substitute other legislators' decisions. When legislators have low discount factors, their actions are strategic complements. Thus, changes of t...
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作者：Callander, Steven; Harstad, Bard
作者单位：Stanford University; University of Oslo
摘要：We develop a model of policy experimentation in federal systems in which heterogeneous districts choose both whether to experiment and the policies to experiment with. The prospect of informational spillovers implies that in the first best the districts converge in their policy choice. Strikingly, when authority is decentralized, the equilibrium predicts the opposite. The districts use their policy choice to discourage other districts from free-riding on them, thereby inefficiently minimizing ...
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作者：Wantchekon, Leonard; Klasnja, Marko; Novta, Natalija
作者单位：Princeton University; Princeton University; African School of Economics; International Monetary Fund
摘要：Using a unique data set on students from the first regional schools in colonial Benin, we investigate the effect of education on living standards, occupation, and political participation. Since both school locations and student cohorts were selected with very little information, treatment and control groups are balanced on observables. We can therefore estimate the effect of education by comparing the treated to the untreated living in the same village, as well as those living in villages wher...
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作者：Dal Bo, Ernesto; Finan, Frederico; Rossi, Martín A.
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作者：Burks, Stephen V.; Cowgill, Bo; Hoffman, Mitchell; Housman, Michael
作者单位：University of Minnesota System; University of Minnesota Morris; University of California System; University of California Berkeley; University of Toronto
摘要：Using personnel data from nine large firms in three industries (call centers, trucking, and high-tech), we empirically assess the benefit to firms of hiring through employee referrals. Compared to nonreferred applicants, referred applicants are more likely to be hired and more likely to accept offers, even though referrals and nonreferrals have similar skill characteristics. Referred workers tend to have similar productivity compared to nonreferred workers on most measures, but referred worker...
