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作者：Bronnenberg, Bart J.; Dube, Jean-Pierre; Gentzkow, Matthew; Shapiro, Jesse M.
作者单位：Tilburg University; University of Chicago; National Bureau of Economic Research; Stanford University; Brown University
摘要：We estimate the effect of information and expertise on consumers' willingness to pay for national brands in physically homogeneous product categories. In a detailed case study of headache remedies, we find that more informed or expert consumers are less likely to pay extra to buy national brands, with pharmacists choosing them over store brands only 9 percent of the time, compared to 26 percent of the time for the average consumer. In a similar case study of pantry staples such as salt and sug...
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作者：Bertrand, Marianne; Kamenica, Emir; Pan, Jessica
作者单位：University of Chicago; National University of Singapore
摘要：We examine causes and consequences of relative income within households. We show that the distribution of the share of income earned by the wife exhibits a sharp drop to the right of 12, where the wife's income exceeds the husband's income. We argue that this pattern is best explained by gender identity norms, which induce an aversion to a situation where the wife earns more than her husband. We present evidence that this aversion also impacts marriage formation, the wife's labor force partici...
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作者：Atkeson, Andrew; Hellwig, Christian; Ordonez, Guillermo
作者单位：University of California System; University of California Los Angeles; National Bureau of Economic Research; Universite de Toulouse; Universite Toulouse 1 Capitole; Toulouse School of Economics; Centre for Economic Policy Research - UK; University of Pennsylvania
摘要：In all markets, firms go through a process of creative destruction: entry, random growth, and exit. In many of these markets there are also regulations that restrict entry, possibly distorting this process. We study the public interest rationale for entry taxes in a general equilibrium model with free entry and exit of firms in which firm dynamics are driven by reputation concerns. In our model firms can produce high-quality output by making a costly but efficient initial unobservable investme...
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作者：Busse, Meghan R.; Pope, Devin G.; Pope, Jaren C.; Silva-Risso, Jorge
作者单位：Northwestern University; National Bureau of Economic Research; University of Chicago; Brigham Young University; University of California System; University of California Riverside
摘要：When buying durable goods, consumers must forecast how much utility they will derive from future consumption, including consumption in different states of the world. This can be complicated for consumers because making intertemporal evaluations may expose them to a variety of psychological biases such as present bias, projection bias, and salience effects. We investigate whether consumers are affected by such intertemporal biases when they purchase automobiles. Using data for more than 40 mill...
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作者：Caselli, Francesco; Morelli, Massimo; Rohner, Dominic
作者单位：University of London; London School Economics & Political Science; University of London; London School Economics & Political Science; Centre for Economic Policy Research - UK; National Bureau of Economic Research; Bocconi University; Bocconi University; University of Lausanne
摘要：We establish a theoretical and empirical framework to assess the role of resource endowments and their geographic location in interstate conflict. The main predictions of the theory are that conflict is more likely when at least one country has natural resources, when the resources in the resource-endowed country are closer to the border, and, in the case where both countries have natural resources, when the resources are located asymmetrically vis-A -vis the border. We test these predictions ...
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作者：Allcott, Hunt
作者单位：National Bureau of Economic Research; New York University
摘要：Site selection bias'' can occur when the probability that a program is adopted or evaluated is correlated with its impacts. I test for site selection bias in the context of the Opower energy conservation programs, using 111 randomized control trials involving 8.6 million households across the United States. Predictions based on rich microdata from the first 10 replications substantially overstate efficacy in the next 101 sites. Several mechanisms caused this positive selection. For example, ut...
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作者：Anderson, Siwan; Bidner, Chris
作者单位：Simon Fraser University; Simon Fraser University; Canadian Institute for Advanced Research (CIFAR)
摘要：In developing countries, the extent to which women possess property rights is shaped in large part by transfers received at the time of marriage. Focusing on dowry, we develop a simple model of the marriage market with intrahousehold bargaining to understand the incentives for brides' parents to allocate the rights over the dowry between their daughter and her groom. In doing so, we clarify and formalize the dual role'' of dowry-as a premortem bequest and as a market clearing price-identified ...
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作者：Akerman, Anders; Gaarder, Ingvil; Mogstad, Magne
作者单位：Stockholm University; University of Chicago; National Bureau of Economic Research
摘要：Does adoption of broadband internet in firms enhance labor productivity and increase wages? Is this technological change skill biased or factor neutral? We combine several Norwegian data sets to answer these questions. A public program with limited funding rolled out broadband access points and provides plausibly exogenous variation in the availability and adoption of broadband internet in firms. Our results suggest that broadband internet improves (worsens) the labor market outcomes and produ...
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作者：Muralidharan, Karthik; Sundararaman, Venkatesh
作者单位：National Bureau of Economic Research; University of California System; University of California San Diego; The World Bank
摘要：We present experimental evidence on the impact of a school choice program in the Indian state of Andhra Pradesh that provided students with a voucher to finance attending a private school of their choice. The study design featured a unique two-stage lottery-based allocation of vouchers that created both student-level and market-level experiments, which allows us to study the individual and the aggregate effects of school choice (including spillovers). After two and four years of the program, w...
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作者：Campante, Filipe; Yanagizawa-Drott, David
作者单位：Harvard University; National Bureau of Economic Research
摘要：We study the economic effects of religious practices in the context of the observance of Ramadan fasting, one of the central tenets of Islam. To establish causality, we exploit variation in the length of daily fasting due to the interaction between the rotating Islamic calendar and a country's latitude. We report two key, quantitatively meaningful results: (i) longer Ramadan fasting has a negative effect on output growth in Muslim countries, and (ii) it increases subjective well-being among Mu...
