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作者：Boerma, Job; Tsyvinski, Aleh; Zimin, Alexander P.
作者单位：University of Wisconsin System; University of Wisconsin Madison; Yale University; Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT)
摘要：We fully solve a sorting problem with heterogeneous firms and multiple heterogeneous workers whose skills are imperfect substitutes. We show that optimal sorting, which we call mixed and countermonotonic, is comprised of two regions. In the first region, mediocre firms sort with mediocre workers and coworkers such that the output losses are equal across all these teams (mixing). In the second region, a high-skill worker sorts with low-skill coworkers and a high-productivity firm (countermonoto...
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作者：Urgun, Can; Yariv, Leeat
作者单位：Princeton University; Princeton University; National Bureau of Economic Research
摘要：We provide a framework for analyzing search across correlated samples. The agent-a mineral prospecting team, a drug company, a politician-tracks observations over a Brownian path. The agent chooses the search speed and retrospectively picks the best observation when deciding to complete the search. We show that the optimal search speed is U-shaped: it is highest when approaching a breakthrough or when nearing search termination. Unlike search across independent samples, search optimally stops ...
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作者：Agostinelli, Francesco; Avitabile, Ciro; Bobba, Matteo
作者单位：University of Pennsylvania; The World Bank; Universite de Toulouse; Universite Toulouse 1 Capitole; Toulouse School of Economics
摘要：This paper provides novel insights into the science of scaling by examining an educational mentoring program in Mexico. The empirical analysis encompasses two independent field experiments and seizes a unique opportunity to learn from the government's implementation of the same intervention. While the program originally implemented at scale demonstrates limited effectiveness, the introduction of a new modality with enhanced mentor training significantly improves children's outcomes. Mentor-par...
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作者：Madsen, Erik; Vellodi, Nikhil
作者单位：New York University; Paris School of Economics
摘要：We study how regulating data usage impacts innovation in digital markets. Platforms commonly use proprietary data about third-party sellers to inform their own competing offerings, dampening incentives for innovation. We model this interaction and characterize how data usage restrictions reshape these incentives. An outright ban on data usage may boost or curtail innovation, depending on the thickness of the right tail of demand for new products. More flexible rules controlling when and what d...
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作者：Berger, Eva M.; Fehr, Ernst; Hermes, Henning; Schunk, Daniel; Winkel, Kirsten
作者单位：University of Zurich; Leibniz Association; Ifo Institut; IZA Institute Labor Economics; Johannes Gutenberg University of Mainz; University of Koblenz & Landau
摘要：Working-memory (WM) capacity is a key component of a wide range of cognitive and noncognitive skills-such as fluid IQ, math, reading, and inhibitory control-but can WM training improve these skills? Here, we examine the causal impact of WM training embedded in regular school teaching, using a randomized educational intervention with 6-7-year-old children. We find substantial gains in WM capacity and document positive spillover effects on geometry, fluid IQ, and inhibitory control. Three years ...
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作者：Conner, Peter; Einav, Liran; Finkelstein, Amy; Persson, Petra
作者单位：Karolinska Institutet; Stanford University; National Bureau of Economic Research; Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT); Research Institute of Industrial Economics (IFN)
摘要：We study the introduction of a noninvasive prenatal screening-cell-free DNA (cfDNA) screening-which is used to target a more costly invasive test that elevates miscarriage risk. Using Swedish administrative data, we document that coverage of cfDNA substantially increases cfDNA screening and reduces invasive testing. We develop and estimate a stylized model of prenatal choices and find that narrow targeting of cfDNA coverage can improve outcomes and reduce costs, while broader coverage also imp...
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作者：Cloyne, James; Dimsdale, Nicholas; Huertgen, Patrick
作者单位：University of California System; University of California Davis; National Bureau of Economic Research; University of Oxford; Deutsche Bundesbank
摘要：Popular New Keynesian macroeconomic models predict that cuts in various types of distortionary taxes are contractionary when monetary policy is constrained at the zero lower bound (ZLB). We turn to a long span of history in the United Kingdom to test this hypothesis. Using a new long-run dataset of narrative-identified tax changes from 1918 to 2020, we show that tax cuts are expansionary in both low-interest-rate environments and more normal times. We do not find evidence of a deflationary spi...
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作者：Maskin, Eric
作者单位：Harvard University
摘要：We argue that Arrow's independence of irrelevant alternatives condition (IIA) is unjustifiably stringent because it rules out making a social welfare function sensitive to individuals' preference intensities. Accordingly, we propose a modified version of IIA, MIIA, that is a necessary and sufficient relaxation of IIA for taking account of intensities. Rather than obtaining an impossibility result, we show that MIIA together with several other axioms (satisfied by virtually all voting rules and...
