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作者：Goldin, Jacob; Lurie, Ithai Z.; McCubbin, Janet
作者单位：Stanford University; National Bureau of Economic Research; United States Department of the Treasury
摘要：We evaluate a randomized outreach study in which the IRS sent informational letters to 3.9 million households that paid a tax penalty for lacking health insurance coverage under the Affordable Care Act. Drawing on administrative data, we study the effect of this intervention on taxpayers' subsequent health insurance enrollment and mortality. We find the intervention led to increased coverage during the subsequent two years and reduced mortality among middle-aged adults over the same time perio...
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作者：Harel, Matan; Mossel, Elchanan; Strack, Philipp; Tamuz, Omer
作者单位：Tel Aviv University; Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT); Yale University; California Institute of Technology
摘要：We study how long-lived rational agents learn from repeatedly observing a private signal and each others' actions. With normal signals, a group of any size learns more slowly than just four agents who directly observe each others' private signals in each period. Similar results apply to general signal structures. We identify rational groupthink-in which agents ignore their private signals and choose the same action for long periods of time-as the cause of this failure of information aggregation.
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作者：Baron, Matthew; Verner, Emil; Xiong, Wei
作者单位：Cornell University; Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT); Princeton University; The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shenzhen; National Bureau of Economic Research
摘要：We examine historical banking crises through the lens of bank equity declines, which cover a broad sample of episodes of banking distress with and without banking panics. To do this, we construct a new data set on bank equity returns and narrative information on banking panics for 46 countries over the period of 1870 to 2016. We find that even in the absence of panics, large bank equity declines are associated with substantial credit contractions and output gaps. Although panics are an importa...
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作者：Derenoncourt, Ellora; Montialoux, Claire
作者单位：University of California System; University of California Berkeley
摘要：The earnings difference between white and black workers fell dramatically in the United States in the late 1960s and early 1970s. This article shows that the expansion of the minimum wage played a critical role in this decline. The 1966 Fair Labor Standards Act extended federal minimum wage coverage to agriculture, restaurants, nursing homes, and other services that were previously uncovered and where nearly a third of black workers were employed. We digitize over 1,000 hourly wage distributio...
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作者：Le Barbanchon, Thomas; Rathelot, Roland; Roulet, Alexandra
作者单位：Bocconi University; University of Warwick; INSEAD Business School
摘要：We relate gender differences in willingness to commute to the gender wage gap. Using French administrative data on job search criteria, we first document that unemployed women have a lower reservation wage and a shorter maximum acceptable commute than their male counterparts. We identify indifference curves between wage and commute using the joint distributions of reservation job attributes and accepted job bundles. Indifference curves are steeper for women, who value commute around 20% more t...
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作者：Kim, Ryan
作者单位：Johns Hopkins University
摘要：I study how a credit crunch affects output price dynamics. I build a unique micro-level data set that combines scanner-level prices and quantities with producer information, including the producer's banking relationships, inventory, and cash holdings. I exploit the Lehman Brothers failure as a quasi-experiment and find that the firms facing a negative credit supply shock decrease their output prices approximately 15% more than their unaffected counterparts. I hypothesize that such firms reduce...
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作者：Barron, Daniel; Guo, Yingni
作者单位：Northwestern University
摘要：Communication facilitates cooperation by ensuring that deviators are collectively punished. We explore how players might misuse communication to threaten one another, and we identify ways that organizations can deter misuse and restore cooperation. In our model, a principal plays trust games with a sequence of short-run agents who communicate with each other. An agent can shirk and then extort pay by threatening to report that the principal deviated. We show that these threats can completely u...
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作者：Ang, Desmond
作者单位：Harvard University
摘要：Nearly 1,000 officer-involved killings occur each year in the United States. This article documents the large, racially disparate effects of these events on the educational and psychological well-being of Los Angeles public high school students. Exploiting hyperlocal variation in how close students live to a killing, I find that exposure to police violence leads to persistent decreases in GPA, increased incidence of emotional disturbance, and lower rates of high school completion and college e...
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作者：Caunedo, Julieta; Keller, Elisa
作者单位：Cornell University; University of Exeter
摘要：This article argues that accounting for capital-embodied technology greatly increases the importance of capital in explaining cross-country differences in agricultural labor productivity. To do so, we draw on a novel data set of agricultural capital prices. We document that new capital is more expensive in richer countries, both in absolute terms and relative to old capital. A model of endogenous adoption of capital of different quality links these price differences to the path of capital-embo...
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作者：Bryan, Gharad; Choi, James J.; Karlan, Dean
作者单位：University of London; London School Economics & Political Science; Innovations for Poverty Action (IPA); Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT); Centre for Economic Policy Research - UK; Yale University; National Bureau of Economic Research; Northwestern University
摘要：We study the causal impact of religiosity through a randomized evaluation of an evangelical Protestant Christian values and theology education program delivered to thousands of ultrapoor Filipino households. Six months after the program ended, treated households have higher religiosity and income; no statistically significant differences in total labor supply, consumption, food security, or life satisfaction; and lower perceived relative economic status. Exploratory analysis suggests that the ...
