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作者：Donovan, Kevin; Lu, Will Jianyu; Schoellman, Todd
作者单位：Yale University; Central Bank of Chile; Federal Reserve System - USA; Federal Reserve Bank - Minneapolis
摘要：We provide new evidence on how labor market dynamics vary with development. We build a new data set consisting of harmonized microdata from rotating panel labor force surveys covering 80 million people from 49 countries. Labor market flows, such as the job-finding or employment exit rate, are higher in developing economies. These higher flows largely reflect a slippery job ladder: workers transition frequently to and from marginal employment without climbing to or persisting in better-paying j...
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作者：Finlay, Keith; Mueller-Smith, Michael; Street, Brittany
作者单位：University of Michigan System; University of Michigan; University of Missouri System; University of Missouri Columbia
摘要：Children's indirect exposure to the justice system through biological parents or coresident adults is both a marker of their own vulnerability and a measure of the justice system's expansive reach in society. Estimating the size of this population for the United States has historically been hampered by inadequate data resources, including the inability to observe nonincarceration events, follow children throughout their childhood, and measure adult nonbiological parent cohabitants. To overcome...
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作者：Cortes, Patricia; Pan, Jessica; Pilossoph, Laura; Reuben, Ernesto; Zafar, Basit
作者单位：Boston University; National Bureau of Economic Research; National University of Singapore; IZA Institute Labor Economics; Centre for Economic Policy Research - UK; Duke University; New York University; New York University Abu Dhabi; University of Michigan System; University of Michigan
摘要：This article investigates gender differences in the job search process in the field and lab. Our analysis is based on rich information on initial job offers and acceptances from undergraduates of Boston University's Questrom School of Business. We find (i) a clear gender difference in the timing of job offer acceptance, with women accepting jobs substantially earlier than men, and (ii) a sizable gender earnings gap in accepted offers, which narrows in favor of women over the course of the job ...
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作者：Enke, Benjamin; Graeber, Thomas
作者单位：Harvard University
摘要：This article documents the economic relevance of measuring cognitive uncertainty: people's subjective uncertainty over their ex ante utility-maximizing decision. In a series of experiments on choice under risk, the formation of beliefs, and forecasts of economic variables, we show that cognitive uncertainty predicts various systematic biases in economic decisions. When people are cognitively uncertain-either endogenously or because the problem is designed to be complex-their decisions are heav...
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作者：Esponda, Ignacio; Oprea, Ryan; Yuksel, Sevgi
作者单位：University of California System; University of California Santa Barbara
摘要：We provide evidence for a bias that we call representative signal distortion (RSD), which is particularly relevant to settings of statistical discrimination. Experimental subjects distort their evaluation of new evidence on individual group members and interpret such information to be more representative of the group to which the individual belongs (relative to a reference group) than it really is. This produces a discriminatory gap in the evaluation of members of the two groups. Because it is...
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作者：Ghosh, Arkadev; Hwang, Sam Il Myoung; Squires, Munir
作者单位：Duke University; University of British Columbia
摘要：Close-kin marriage, by sustaining tightly knit family structures, may impede development. We find support for this hypothesis using U.S. state bans on cousin marriage. Our measure of cousin marriage comes from the excess frequency of same-surname marriages, a method borrowed from population genetics that we apply to millions of marriage records from the eighteenth to the twentieth century. Using census data, we first show that married cousins are more rural and have lower-paying occupations. W...
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作者：Christensen, Peter; Timmins, Christopher
作者单位：University of Illinois System; University of Illinois Chicago; University of Illinois Chicago Hospital; Duke University
摘要：By constraining an individual's choice during a search, housing discrimination distorts sorting decisions away from true preferences and results in a ceteris paribus reduction in welfare. This study combines a large-scale field experiment with a residential sorting model to derive utility-theoretic measures of renter welfare loss associated with the constraints imposed by discrimination in the rental housing market. Results from experiments conducted in five cities show that key neighborhood a...
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作者：Cajal-Grossi, Julia; Macchiavello, Rocco; Noguera, Guillermo
作者单位：University of London; London School Economics & Political Science; Yale University
摘要：We study differences in markups earned by Bangladeshi garment exporters across buyers with different sourcing strategies and make three contributions. First, we distinguish buyers with a relational versus a spot sourcing strategy and show that a buyer's sourcing strategy is correlated across products and origins. Buyer fixed effects explain most of the variation in sourcing strategies, suggesting that these depend on organizational capabilities. Second, we use novel data that match quantities ...
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作者：Brancaccio, Giulia; Kalouptsidi, Myrto; Papageorgiou, Theodore; Rosaia, Nicola
作者单位：New York University; Harvard University; Boston College; Columbia University
摘要：We explore efficiency and optimal policy in decentralized transport markets, such as taxis, trucks, and bulk shipping. We show that in these markets, search frictions distort the transportation network and the dynamic allocation of carriers over space. We derive explicit and intuitive conditions for efficiency and show how they translate into efficient pricing rules, or optimal taxes and subsidies for the planner who cannot set prices directly. The results imply that destination-based pricing ...
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作者：Greenwood, Robin; Hanson, Samuel; Stein, Jeremy C.; Sunderam, Adi
作者单位：Harvard University
摘要：We develop a model in which specialized bond investors must absorb shocks to the supply and demand for long-term bonds in two currencies. Since long-term bonds and foreign exchange are both exposed to unexpected movements in short-term interest rates, a shift in the supply of long-term bonds in one currency influences the foreign exchange rate between the two currencies, as well as bond term premia in both currencies. Our model matches several important empirical patterns, including the comove...
