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作者：Fukui, Masao; Nakamura, Emi; Steinsson, Jon
作者单位：Boston University; University of California System; University of California Berkeley
摘要：We study the consequences of regime-induced exchange rate depreciations by comparing outcomes for peggers versus floaters to the U.S. dollar in response to a dollar depreciation. Pegger currencies depreciate relative to floater currencies and these depreciations are strongly expansionary. The boom is associated with a fall in net exports, and (if anything) an increase in interest rates in the pegger countries. This suggests that expenditure switching and domestic monetary policy are not the ma...
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作者：Amaral, Sofia; Borker, Girija; Fiala, Nathan; Kumar, Anjani; Prakash, Nishith; Sviatschi, Maria Micaela
作者单位：The World Bank; Leibniz Association; Ifo Institut; The World Bank; IZA Institute Labor Economics; University of Connecticut; Northeastern University; Princeton University; National Bureau of Economic Research
摘要：We conduct a randomized controlled trial to evaluate the effect of an innovative police patrol program on sexual harassment in public spaces in Hyderabad, India. In collaboration with the Hyderabad City Police, we randomize exposure to police patrols and the visibility of officers by deploying both uniformed and undercover officers across 350 hot spots. To assess the effect, we implement a novel, high-frequency observation exercise to measure sexual harassment at these hot spots, where enumera...
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作者：Gethin, Amory
作者单位：The World Bank
摘要：This article quantifies the role played by education in the reduction of global poverty. I propose tools for identifying the contribution of schooling to economic growth by income group, integrating imperfect substitution between skill groups into a macroeconomic growth decomposition. I bring this distributional growth accounting framework to the data by exploiting a new microdatabase representative of nearly all of the world's population, new estimates of the private returns to schooling, and...
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作者：Errico, Marco; Lashkari, Danial
作者单位：European Central Bank; Bank of Italy; Federal Reserve System - USA; Federal Reserve Bank - New York
摘要：We characterize the contribution of changes in quality, price, and variety entry/exit to the aggregate price index for smooth, invertible demand systems, generalizing the standard results derived in the CES case. The results require the knowledge of heterogeneous cross-product elasticities of substitution. To apply them in practice, we also show how to identify rich demand systems using data only on prices and market shares, without the need for external cost-shock instruments or strong assump...
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作者：Bergeaud, Antonin; Guillouzouic, Arthur; Henry, Emeric; Malgouyres, Clement
作者单位：Hautes Etudes Commerciales (HEC) Paris; Centre for Economic Policy Research - UK; Aix-Marseille Universite; Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS); Paris School of Economics; Institut d'Etudes Politiques Paris (Sciences Po); Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)
摘要：Introducing a new measure of scientific proximity between private firms and public research groups and exploiting a multibillion-euro financing program of academic clusters in France, we provide causal evidence of local spillovers from academic research to firms in the private sector. Our main estimate suggests that each 1 spent in academic research through this program spurred an additional 0.81 in private R&D expenditures. We also show that this shock increased the average quality of patents...
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作者：Burstein, Ariel T.; Carvalho, Vasco M.; Grassi, Basile
作者单位：University of California System; University of California Los Angeles; National Bureau of Economic Research; University of Cambridge; Center for Economic & Policy Research (CEPR); Bocconi University
摘要：We study markup cyclicality in a granular macroeconomic model with oligopolistic competition. We first characterize how firm, sectoral, and aggregate markups comove with output at different levels of aggregation in response to firm-level shocks. We quantify the model's ability to reproduce salient features of the cyclical properties of measured markups in French administrative firm-level data from the bottom (firm) level to the aggregate level. We document that (i) firm-level markups rise with...
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作者：Humphries, John Eric; Ouss, Aurelie; Stavreva, Kamelia; Stevenson, Megan T.; Van Dijk, Winnie
作者单位：Yale University; National Bureau of Economic Research; University of Pennsylvania; Columbia University; University of Virginia
摘要：Noncarceral conviction is a common outcome of criminal court cases: for every person incarcerated, there are approximately three who were recently convicted but not sentenced to prison or jail. We extend the binary-treatment judge IV framework to settings with multiple treatments and use it to study the consequences of noncarceral conviction. We outline assumptions under which widely used 2SLS regressions recover margin-specific treatment effects, relate these assumptions to models of judge de...
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作者：de Silva, Tim
作者单位：Stanford University
摘要：Student loans with income-contingent repayment insure borrowers against income risk but can reduce their incentives to earn more. Using a change in Australia's income-contingent repayment schedule, I show that borrowers reduce their labor supply to lower their repayments. These responses are larger among borrowers with more hourly flexibility, a lower probability of repayment, and tighter liquidity constraints. I use these responses to estimate a dynamic model of labor supply with frictions th...
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作者：Pellegrino, Bruno; Spolaore, Enrico; Wacziarg, Romain
作者单位：National Bureau of Economic Research; Leibniz Association; Ifo Institut; National Bureau of Economic Research; Tufts University; University of California System; University of California Los Angeles; National Bureau of Economic Research
摘要：Observed international investment positions and cross-country heterogeneity in rates of return to capital are hard to reconcile with frictionless capital markets. This article develops a theory of international capital allocation: a multi-country dynamic spatial general equilibrium model in which the entire network of cross-border investment is endogenously determined. Our model features cross-country heterogeneity in fundamental risk, a demand system for international assets, and frictions th...
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作者：Buzard, Kristy; Gee, Laura K.; Stoddard, Olga
作者单位：Syracuse University; Tufts University; Brigham Young University
摘要：Gender imbalance in time spent on child-rearing causes gender inequalities in labor market outcomes, human capital accumulation, and economic mobility. We conduct a large-scale field experiment with a near universe of U.S. schools to investigate a potential source of inequality: external demands for parental involvement. Schools receive an email from a fictitious two-parent household and are asked to call one of the parents back. Mothers are 1.4 times more likely than fathers to be contacted. ...
