-
作者：Landry, Peter
作者单位：University of Toronto
摘要：I present a theory of harmful addiction in which giving in to an unwanted urge ( consumption) delays the recurrence of urges in the short-run, but increases their long-run frequency. The theory offers new predictions as to how the frequency, levels, cue-dependence, and temporal consistency of consumption evolve during habituation, while uniquely capturing near-term substitution in demand across time. New welfare implications for restrictions on consumption and on marketing are also addressed.
-
作者：Alesina, Alberto; Piccolo, Salvatore; Pinotti, Paolo
作者单位：Harvard University; Bocconi University; Center for Economic & Policy Research (CEPR); National Bureau of Economic Research; University of Bergamo; Bocconi University
摘要：We develop a model explaining how criminal organizations strategically use pre-electoral violence as a way of influencing electoral results and politicians' behaviour. We then characterize the incentives to use such violence under different levels of electoral competition and different electoral rules. Our theory is consistent with the empirical evidence within Sicily and across Italian regions. Specifically, the presence of organized crime is associated with abnormal spikes in violence agains...
-
作者：Leon-Ledesma, Miguel A.; Satchi, Mathan
作者单位：University of Kent
摘要：We provide a general theoretical characterization of how firms' technology choice on a technology frontier determines the long-run elasticity of substitution between capital and labour. We show that the shape of the frontier determines factor shares and the elasticity of substitution between capital and labour. If there are adjustment costs to technology choice, the short- and long-run elasticities differ, with the long-run always higher. If the technology frontier is log-linear, the productio...
-
作者：Cahuc, Pierre; Carcillo, Stephane; Le Barbanchon, Thomas
作者单位：Institut Polytechnique de Paris; ENSAE Paris; Ecole Polytechnique; Organisation for Economic Co-operation & Development (OECD); Institut d'Etudes Politiques Paris (Sciences Po); IZA Institute Labor Economics; Bocconi University
摘要：This article analyses the effectiveness of hiring credits. Using comprehensive administrative data, we show that the French hiring credit, implemented during the Great Recession, had significant positive employment effects and no effects on wages. Relying on the quasi-experimental variation in labour cost triggered by the hiring credit, we estimate a structural search and matching model. Simulations of counterfactual policies show that the effectiveness of the hiring credit relied to a large e...
-
作者：Bernard, Andrew B.; Blanchard, Emily J.; Van Beveren, Ilke; Vandenbussche, Hylke
作者单位：Dartmouth College; Center for Economic & Policy Research (CEPR); National Bureau of Economic Research; KU Leuven
摘要：Large multi-product firms dominate international trade flows. Using novel linked production and export data at the firm-product level, we find that the overwhelming majority of manufacturing firms export products that they do not produce. Three quarters of the exported products and 30% of export value from Belgian manufacturers are in goods that are not produced by the firm, so-called Carry-Along Trade (CAT). The number of CAT products is strongly increasing in firm productivity while the numb...
-
作者：Grosjean, Pauline; Khattar, Rose
作者单位：University of New South Wales Sydney; Parliament of Australia
摘要：We document the short- and long-run effects of male-biased sex ratios. We exploit a natural historical experiment where large numbers of male convicts and far fewer female convicts were sent to Australia in the 18th and 19th centuries. In areas with more male-biased sex ratios, women were historically more likely to get married and less likely to work outside the home. In these areas today, both men and women continue to have more conservative attitudes towards women working, and women work fe...
-
作者：Ghent, Andra C.; Torous, Walter N.; Valkanov, Rossen, I
作者单位：University of Wisconsin System; University of Wisconsin Madison; Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT); University of California System; University of California San Diego
摘要：We study complexity in the market for securitized products, a market at the heart of the financial crisis of 2007-9. The complexity of these products rose substantially in the years preceding the financial crisis. We find that securities in more complex deals default more and have lower realized returns. The worse performance is economically meaningful: a one standard deviation increase in complexity represents an 18% increase in default on AAA securities. However, yields of more complex secur...
-
作者：Sinkinson, Michael; Starc, Amanda
作者单位：Yale University; National Bureau of Economic Research; Northwestern University
摘要：We measure the impact of direct-to-consumer television advertising (DTCA) by drug manufacturers. Our identification strategy exploits shocks to local advertising markets generated by the political advertising cycle and a regulatory intervention affecting a single product. We find evidence of significant business stealing effects among branded, advertised drugs. In addition, we show positive spillovers from drug advertisements to non-advertised competitors in the same class. We decompose the ef...
-
作者：Kartik, Navin; Van Weelden, Richard
作者单位：Columbia University; Pennsylvania Commonwealth System of Higher Education (PCSHE); University of Pittsburgh
摘要：Why do office-motivated politicians sometimes espouse views that are non-congruent with their electorate's? Can non-congruent statements convey any information about what a politician will do if elected, and if so, why would voters elect a politician who makes such statements? Furthermore, can electoral campaigns also directly affect an elected official's behaviour? We develop a model of credible cheap talkcostless and non-binding communicationin elections. The foundation is an endogenous vote...
-
作者：Ali, S. Nageeb; Bernheim, B. Douglas; Fan, Xiaochen
作者单位：Pennsylvania Commonwealth System of Higher Education (PCSHE); Pennsylvania State University; Pennsylvania State University - University Park; Stanford University; New York University
摘要：The rules and procedures of legislatures often provide legislators with information bearing on the identities of upcoming proposers. For a broad class of legislative bargaining games, we establish that Markovian equilibria necessarily deliver all economic surplus to the first proposer whenever the information structure permits the legislators to rule out some minimum number of proposers one round in advance. This result holds regardless of the recognition process and even if players vary in pa...
