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作者：Axbard, Sebastian
作者单位：University of London; Queen Mary University London; Centre for Economic Policy Research - UK
摘要：Can the judiciary help root out government corruption? This article exploits the random assignment of court cases to justices who exhibit varying degrees of strictness to examine how convicting corrupt officials affects local government outcomes in the Philippines. I document that convictions improve the management of local public finances and reduce associated corruption. An exploration of mechanisms suggests that legal deterrence effects contribute to these findings. The results further indi...
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作者：Bhandari, Anmol; Borovicka, Jaroslav; Ho, Paul
作者单位：University of Minnesota System; University of Minnesota Twin Cities; National Bureau of Economic Research; New York University; Federal Reserve System - USA; Federal Reserve Bank - Richmond
摘要：This paper develops a theory of subjective beliefs that departs from rational expectations, and shows that biases in household beliefs have quantitatively large effects on macroeconomic aggregates. The departures are formalized using model-consistent notions of pessimism and optimism which are supported by extensive time-series and cross-sectional evidence from household surveys. The role subjective beliefs play in aggregate fluctuations is quantified in a business cycle model with goods and l...
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作者：Cabral, Marika; Kim, Bokyung; Rossin-Slater, Maya; Schnell, Molly; Schwandt, Hannes
作者单位：University of Connecticut
摘要：We examine how shootings at schools-an increasingly common form of gun violence in the States-impact the educational and economic trajectories of students. Using linked schooling and labor market data in Texas from 1992 to 2018, we compare within-student and across-cohort changes in outcomes following a shooting to those experienced by students at matched control schools. We find that school shootings increase absenteeism and grade repetition, reduce high school graduation, college enrollment,...
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作者：Agness, Daniel; Baseler, Travis; Chassang, Sylvain; Dupas, Pascaline; Snowberg, Erik
作者单位：University System of Maryland; University of Maryland College Park; University of Rochester; Princeton University; Utah System of Higher Education; University of Utah
摘要：People's value of their own time is a key input in public policy evaluations-these evaluations should account for time taken away from work or leisure as a result of policy. Measuring this value for the self-employed is challenging, as, by definition, it is not priced by the market. Using rich choice data collected from farming households in western Kenya, we show that households exhibit non-transitive preferences. As a result, neither market wages nor standard valuation techniques correctly m...
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作者：Bergemann, Dirk; Bonatti, Alessandro; Wu, Nicholas
作者单位：Yale University; Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT)
摘要：We present a model of digital advertising with three key features: (1) advertisers can reach consumers on and off a platform, (2) additional data enhances the value of advertiser-consumer matches, and (3) the allocation of advertisements follows an auction-like mechanism. We contrast data-augmented auctions, which leverage the platform's data advantage to improve match quality, with managed-campaign mechanisms that automate match formation and price-setting. The platform-optimal mechanism is a...
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作者：Abraham, Arpad; Carceles-Poveda, Eva; Liu, Yan; Marimon, Ramon
作者单位：University of Bristol; State University of New York (SUNY) System; Stony Brook University; Sun Yat Sen University; European University Institute; Pompeu Fabra University; Centre de Recerca en Economia Internacional (CREI); Barcelona School of Economics; Centre for Economic Policy Research - UK; National Bureau of Economic Research
摘要：We develop a model of a Financial Stability Fund (the Fund henceforth) for a union of sovereign countries. By design, the contract prevents country defaults, as well as undesired expected losses, which in a union translate into excessive risk mutualizations. A participant country has greater ability to borrow and share risks than using sovereign debt financing. The Fund contract also provides better incentives for the country to reduce endogenous risks. These efficiency gains arise from the ab...
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作者：Duarte, Raul; Finan, Frederico; Larreguy, Horacio; Schechter, Laura
作者单位：Harvard University; University of California System; University of California Berkeley; Instituto Tecnologico Autonomo de Mexico; University of Wisconsin System; University of Wisconsin Madison
摘要：Politicians rely on political brokers to buy votes throughout much of the developing world. We investigate how social networks facilitate these vote-buying exchanges. Our conceptual framework suggests brokers should be particularly well-placed within the network to learn about non-copartisans' reciprocity in order to target transfers effectively. As a result, parties should recruit brokers who are central among non-copartisans. We combine village network data from brokers and citizens with bro...
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作者：Bozio, Antoine; Breda, Thomas; Grenet, Julien; Guillouzouic, Arthur
作者单位：Paris School of Economics; Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS); Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)
摘要：We analyse earnings responses to six large payroll tax and income tax reforms in France. Our findings indicate full pass-through to workers when there is a strong and transparent link between contributions and expected benefits. In contrast, employer payroll taxes with no tax-benefit linkage exhibit limited pass-through to workers, while income tax nominally borne by employees show nearly full pass-through. Together with a meta-analysis of the literature, we interpret these results as empirica...
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作者：Li, Danielle; Raymond, Lindsey; Bergman, Peter
作者单位：Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT); National Bureau of Economic Research; University of Texas System; University of Texas Austin
摘要：This article views hiring as a contextual bandit problem: to find the best workers over time, firms must balance exploitation (selecting from groups with proven track records) with exploration (selecting from under-represented groups to learn about quality). Yet modern hiring algorithms, based on supervised learning approaches, are designed solely for exploitation. Instead, we build a resume screening algorithm that values exploration by evaluating candidates according to their statistical ups...
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作者：Ghosh, Arkadev; Kundu, Prerna; Lowe, Matt; Nellis, Gareth
作者单位：Duke University; University of British Columbia; University of California System; University of California San Diego
摘要：Non-family-based institutions for socializing young people may play a vital role in creating close-knit, inclusive communities. We study the potential for youth camps-integrating rituals, sports, and civics training-to strengthen intergroup cohesion. We randomly assigned Hindu and Muslim adolescent boys, from West Bengal, India, to 2-week camps or to a pure control arm. To isolate mechanisms, we cross-randomized collective rituals (such as singing the national anthem, wearing uniforms, chantin...
