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作者：Marshall, Guillermo
作者单位：University of Illinois System; University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign
摘要：This paper studies a market where soda is sold in both refillable and nonrefillable bottles. Purchasing refillables is inconvenient but cheaper. Using a discrete choice model, I find that price-sensitive customers put less weight on the inconveniences of purchasing refillables. This implies that a retailer can target lower prices to price-sensitive customers using the refillable segment. I evaluate the overall welfare consequences of this market segmentation and find that both customer welfare...
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作者：Banerjee, Abhijit; Karlan, Dean; Zinman, Jonathan
作者单位：Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT); Yale University; National Bureau of Economic Research; Dartmouth College
摘要：Causal evidence on microcredit impacts informs theory, practice, and debates about its effectiveness as a development tool. The six randomized evaluations in this volume use a variety of sampling, data collection, experimental design, and econometric strategies to identify causal effects of expanded access to microcredit on borrowers and/or communities. These methods are deployed across an impressive range of locations-six countries on four continents, urban and rural areas-borrower characteri...
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作者：Breda, Thomas; Ly, Son Thierry
作者单位：Paris School of Economics
摘要：We investigate the link between how male-dominated a field is, and gender bias against women in this field. Taking the entrance exam of a French higher education institution as a natural experiment, we find that evaluation is actually biased in favor of females in more male-dominated subjects (e.g., math, philosophy) and in favor of males in more female-dominated subjects (e.g., literature, biology), inducing a rebalancing of gender ratios between students recruited for research careers in sci...
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作者：Royer, Heather; Stehr, Mark; Sydnor, Justin
作者单位：University of California System; University of California Santa Barbara; Drexel University; University of Wisconsin System; University of Wisconsin Madison
摘要：Financial incentives have shown strong positive short-run effects for problematic health behaviors that likely stem from time inconsistency. However, the effects often disappear once incentive programs end. This paper analyzes the results of a large-scale workplace field experiment to examine whether self-funded commitment contracts can improve the long-run effects of an incentive program. A four-week incentive program targeting use of the company gym generated only small lasting effects on be...
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作者：Schaner, Simone
作者单位：Dartmouth College
摘要：This paper uses a field experiment to test whether intrahousehold heterogeneity in discount factors leads to inefficient strategic savings behavior. I gave married couples in rural Kenya the opportunity to open both joint and individual bank accounts at randomly assigned interest rates. I also directly elicited discount factors for all individuals in the experiment. Couples who are well matched on discount factors are less likely to use costly individual accounts and respond robustly to relati...
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作者：Leonardi, Marco
作者单位：University of Milan
摘要：Using Consumer Expenditure Survey data this paper shows that more educated workers demand more high-skill-intensive services and, to a lesser extent, more very low-skill-intensive services (such as personal services). Additional evidence at the Metropolitan Statistical Area (MSA) level shows that this education elasticity of demand mechanism can explain part of the correlation between the share of college-educated workers in a city and the employment share of service industries. The parametriz...
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作者：Beland, Louis-Philippe
作者单位：Louisiana State University System; Louisiana State University
摘要：This paper estimates the causal impact of the party allegiance (Republican or Democratic) of US governors on labor-market outcomes. I match gubernatorial elections with March Current Population Survey (CPS) data for income years 1977 to 2008. Using a regression discontinuity design, I find that Democratic governors cause an increase in the annual hours worked by blacks relative to whites, which leads to a reduction in the racial earnings gap between black and white workers. The results are con...
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作者：Attanasio, Orazio; Augsburg, Britta; De Haas, Ralph; Fitzsimons, Emla; Harmgart, Heike
作者单位：University of London; University College London; European Bank of Reconstructon & Development; Tilburg University; European Bank of Reconstructon & Development
摘要：We present evidence from a randomized field experiment in rural Mongolia to assess the poverty impacts of a joint-liability microcredit program targeted at women. We find a positive impact of access to group loans on female entrepreneurship and household food consumption but not on total working hours or income in the household. A simultaneously introduced individual-liability microcredit program delivers no significant poverty impacts. Additional results on informal transfers to families and ...
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作者：Zinovyeva, Natalia; Bagues, Manuel
作者单位：Aalto University
摘要：This paper analyzes how evaluators' private information and subjective biases affect evaluations in academia. We use evidence from centralized selection exams in Spain, where evaluators are randomly assigned to promotion committees. Candidates are significantly more likely to be promoted when they are evaluated by an acquainted evaluator, but the source of the premium depends on the nature of this relationship. Our findings suggest that, when candidates are evaluated by their PhD advisor, a co...
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作者：Jensenius, Francesca Refsum
摘要：This paper estimates the constituency-level development effects of quotas for the Scheduled Castes (SCs) in India, using a unique dataset of development indicators for more than 3,100 state assembly constituencies in 15 Indian states in 1971 and 2001. Matching constituencies on pretreatment variables from 1971, I find that 30 years of quotas had no detectable constituency-level effect on overall development or redistribution to SCs. Interviews with politicians and civil servants in 2010 and 20...
