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作者：Cai, Jing; De Janvry, Alain; Sadoulet, Elisabeth
作者单位：University of Michigan System; University of Michigan; University of California System; University of California Berkeley
摘要：the influence of social networks on weather insurance adoption and the mechanisms through which they operate. To quantify network effects, the experiment provides intensive information sessions about the product to a random subset of farmers. For untreated farmers, the effect of having an additional treated friend on take-up is equivalent to granting a 13 percent reduction in the insurance premium. By varying the information available about peers' decisions and randomizing default options, we ...
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作者：Botelho, Fernando; Madeira, Ricardo A.; Rangel, Marcos A.
作者单位：Universidade de Sao Paulo; Duke University
摘要：We investigate whether racial discrimination in the form of biased assessment of students is prevalent within Brazilian schools. Evidence is drawn from unique administrative data pertaining to eighth-grade students and educators. Holding constant performance in blindly-scored tests of proficiency and behavioral traits we find that blacks have lower teacher-assigned math grades than their white classmates. Heterogeneity in differentials provides evidence both of robustness with respect to omiss...
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作者：Walters, Christopher R.
作者单位：University of California System; University of California Berkeley
摘要：This paper uses data from a randomized evaluation of Head Start to answer two questions: (i) How much do short-run causal effects vary across Head Start centers? and (ii) Do observed inputs explain this variation? I find that the cross-center standard deviation of cognitive effects is 0.18 test score standard deviations, which is larger than typical estimates of variation in teacher or school effectiveness. Centers offering full-day service and home visiting are more effective, while centers t...
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作者：Daysal, N. Meltem; Trandafir, Mircea; van Ewijk, Reyn
作者单位：University of Southern Denmark; IZA Institute Labor Economics; Johannes Gutenberg University of Mainz; Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam
摘要：Many developed countries have recently experienced sharp increases in home birth rates. This paper investigates the impact of home births on the health of low-risk newborns using data from the Netherlands, the only developed country where home births are widespread. To account for endogeneity in location of birth, we exploit the exogenous variation in distance from a mother's residence to the closest hospital. We find that giving birth in a hospital leads to substantial reductions in newborn m...
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作者：Attanasio, Orazio P.; Oppedisano, Veruska; Vera-Hernandez, Marcos
作者单位：University of London; University College London; National Bureau of Economic Research; London Metropolitan University; University of London; University College London
摘要：We study a Conditional Cash Transfer program in which the cash transfers to the mother only depend on the fulfilment of the national preventive visit schedule by her children born before she registered in the program. We estimate that preventive visits of children born after the mother registered in the program are 50 percent lower because they are excluded from the conditionality requirement. Using the same variation, we also show that attendance to preventive care improves children health.
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作者：Beuermann, Diether W.; Cristia, Julian; Cueto, Santiago; Malamud, Ofer; Cruz-Aguayo, Yyannu
作者单位：Inter-American Development Bank; University of Chicago
摘要：This paper presents results from a randomized controlled trial whereby approximately 1,000 OLPC XO laptops were provided for home use to children attending primary schools in Lima, Peru. The intervention increased access and use of home computers, with some substitution away from computer use outside the home. Children randomized to receive laptops scored about 0.8 standard deviations higher in a test of XO proficiency but showed lower academic effort as reported by teachers. There were no imp...
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作者：Augsburg, Britta; De Haas, Ralph; Harmgart, Heike; Meghir, Costas
作者单位：University of London; London School Economics & Political Science; European Bank of Reconstructon & Development; Tilburg University; Yale University
摘要：We use an RCT to analyze the impacts of microcredit. The study population consists of loan applicants who were marginally rejected by an MFI in Bosnia. A random subset of these were offered a loan. We provide evidence of higher self-employment, increases in inventory, a reduction in the incidence of wage work and an increase in the labor supply of 16-19-year-olds in the household's business. We also present some evidence of increases in profits and a reduction in consumption and savings. There...
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作者：Bulman, George
作者单位：University of California System; University of California Santa Cruz
摘要：This paper examines if students' college outcomes are sensitive to access to college admissions tests. I construct a dataset of every test center location and district policy in the United States linked to the universe of individual testing records and a large sample of college enrollment records. I find evidence that SAT taking is responsive to the opening or closing of a testing center at a student's own or a neighboring high school and to policies that provide free in-school administration ...
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作者：Hill, Andrew J.
作者单位：University of South Carolina System; University of South Carolina Columbia
摘要：This paper finds that a student's share of opposite gender school friends negatively affects high school GPA. It uses the gender composition of schoolmates in an individual's neighborhood as an instrument for the gender composition of an individual's self-reported friendship network. The effect occurs across all subjects for students older than 16, but only in mathematics and science for younger students. Additional results indicate effects may operate inside the classroom through difficulties...
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作者：Angelucci, Manuela; Karlan, Dean; Zinman, Jonathan
作者单位：University of Michigan System; University of Michigan; Yale University; Dartmouth College
摘要：We use a clustered randomized trial, and over 16,000 household surveys, to estimate impacts at the community level from a group lending expansion at 110 percent APR by the largest microlender in Mexico. We find no evidence of transformative impacts on 37 outcomes (although some estimates have large confidence intervals), measured at a mean of 27 months post-expansion, across 6 domains: microen-trepreneurship, income, labor supply, expenditures, social status, and subjective well-being. We also...
