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作者：Lu, Yi; Yu, Linhui
作者单位：National University of Singapore; Zhejiang University
摘要：In this paper, we empirically investigate whether trade liberalization affects markup dispersion, a potential source of resource misallocation. The identification uses China's WTO accession at the end of 2001. We show that trade liberalization reduces markup dispersion within a narrowly defined industry. We also examine both price and cost responses to trade liberalization, as well as heterogeneous effects across firms and across locations. Our study contributes to the literature by identifyin...
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作者：Behaghel, Luc; Crepon, Bruno; Le Barbanchon, Thomas
作者单位：INRAE; Paris School of Economics; Institut Polytechnique de Paris; ENSAE Paris
摘要：We evaluate an experimental program in which the French public employment service anonymized resumes for firms that were hiring. Firms were free to participate or not; participating firms were then randomly assigned to receive either anonymous resumes or name-bearing ones. We find that participating firms become less likely to interview and hire minority candidates when receiving anonymous resumes. We show how these unexpected results can be explained by the self-selection of firms into the pr...
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作者：Lang, Kevin; Weinstein, Russell
作者单位：Boston University; National Bureau of Economic Research; Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute
摘要：Using five cycles of the National Survey of Family Growth, we estimate the effect of teen motherhood on education, labor market, and marriage outcomes for teens conceiving from 1940 through 1968. Effects vary by marital status at conception, socioeconomic background, and year. Effects on teens married at conception were limited. However, teen mothers conceiving premaritally obtained less education and had a weaker marriage market. Teen mothers of the 1940s-1950s, affected by subsequent economi...
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作者：Buser, Thomas
作者单位：University of Amsterdam
摘要：How does income affect religiousness? Using self-collected survey data, we estimate the effects of income on religious behavior. As a source of exogenous income variation we use a change in the eligibility criteria for a government cash transfer in Ecuador and apply a regression discontinuity strategy to estimate causal effects. We find significant effects of income on religiousness. Families that earn more go to church more often. Families that earn more are also more likely to be members of ...
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作者：Eizenberg, Alon; Salvo, Alberto
作者单位：Hebrew University of Jerusalem; National University of Singapore
摘要：The emerging middle class is a force of economic importance in many consumer markets around the globe. A striking phenomenon in some of these markets is the growth of generic, low-price brands. This paper examines these phenomena in Brazil's large soft drink market. Our study draws on data sources that capture both social mobility and market outcomes. Our analysis suggests that the emergence of a price-sensitive, new middle class aided the staggering growth of a fringe of generic producers. Ou...
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作者：Ambler, Kate; Aycinena, Diego; Yang, Dean
作者单位：CGIAR; International Food Policy Research Institute (IFPRI); University of Michigan System; University of Michigan; University of Michigan System; University of Michigan; National Bureau of Economic Research
摘要：We implement a randomized experiment offering Salvadoran migrants matching funds for educational remittances, which are channeled directly to a beneficiary student in El Salvador chosen by the migrant. The matches lead to increased educational expenditures, higher private school attendance, and lower labor supply of youths in El Salvador households connected to migrant study participants. We find substantial crowd-in of educational investments: for each $1 received by beneficiaries, educationa...
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作者：Imbert, Clement; Papp, John
作者单位：University of Oxford
摘要：We estimate the effect of a large rural workfare program in India on private employment and wages by comparing trends in districts that received the program earlier relative to those that received it later. Our results suggest that public sector hiring crowded out private sector work and increased private sector wages. We compute the implied welfare gains of the program by consumption quintile. Our calculations show that the welfare gains to the poor from the equilibrium increase in private se...
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作者：Banerjee, Abhijit; Duflo, Esther; Glennerster, Rachel; Kinnan, Cynthia
作者单位：Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT); National Bureau of Economic Research; Northwestern University
摘要：This paper reports results from the randomized evaluation of a group-lending microcredit program in Hyderabad, India. A lender worked in 52 randomly selected neighborhoods, leading to an 8.4 percentage point increase in takeup of microcredit. Small business investment and profits of preexisting businesses increased, but consumption did not significantly increase. Durable goods expenditure increased, while temptation goods expenditure declined. We found no significant changes in health, educati...
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作者：Crepon, Bruno; Devoto, Florencia; Duflo, Esther; Pariente, William
作者单位：Institut Polytechnique de Paris; ENSAE Paris; Paris School of Economics; Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT); Universite Catholique Louvain
摘要：We report results from a randomized evaluation of a microcredit program introduced in rural areas of Morocco in 2006. Thirteen percent of the households in treatment villages took a loan, and none in control villages did. Among households identified as more likely to borrow, microcredit access led to a significant rise in investment in assets used for self-employment activities, and an increase in profit, but also to a reduction in income from casual labor. Overall there was no gain in income ...
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作者：Tarozzi, Alessandro; Desai, Jaikishan; Johnson, Kristin
作者单位：Pompeu Fabra University; Barcelona School of Economics; Victoria University Wellington; Harvard University
摘要：We use data from a randomized controlled trial conducted in 2003-2006 in rural Amhara and Oromiya (Ethiopia) to study the impacts of increasing access to microfinance on a number of socioeconomic outcomes, including income from agriculture, animal husbandry, nonfarm self-employment, labor supply, schooling and indicators of women's empowerment. We document that despite substantial increases in borrowing in areas assigned to treatment the null of no impact cannot be rejected for a large majorit...
