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作者：Goldberg, Jessica
作者单位：University System of Maryland; University of Maryland College Park
摘要：I use a field experiment to estimate the wage elasticity of employment in the day labor market in rural Malawi. Once a week for 12 consecutive weeks, I make job offers for a workfare-type program to 529 adults. The daily wage varies from the tenth to the ninetieth percentile of the wage distribution, and individuals are entitled to work a maximum of one day per week. In this context (the low agricultural season), 74 percent of individuals worked at the lowest wage, and consequently the estimat...
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作者：Cadena, Brian C.; Kovak, Brian K.
作者单位：University of Colorado System; University of Colorado Boulder; Carnegie Mellon University
摘要：This paper demonstrates that low-skilled Mexican-born immigrants' location choices respond strongly to changes in local labor demand, which helps equalize spatial differences in employment outcomes for low-skilled native workers. We leverage the substantial geographic variation in labor demand during the Great Recession to identify migration responses to local shocks and find that skilled Mexican-born immigrants respond much more strongly than low-skilled natives. Further, Mexican mobility red...
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作者：Clark, Damon; Del Bono, Emilia
作者单位：University of California System; University of California Irvine; University of Essex
摘要：This paper estimates the impact of elite school attendance on long-run outcomes including completed education, income, and fertility. Our data consist of individuals born in the 1950s and educated in a UK district that assigned students to either elite or non-elite secondary schools. Using instrumental variables methods that exploit the school assignment formula, we find that elite school attendance had large impacts on completed education. Surprisingly, there are no significant effects on mos...
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作者：Black, Sandra E.; Devereux, Paul J.; Salvanes, Kjell G.
作者单位：University of Texas System; University of Texas Austin; Norwegian School of Economics (NHH); National Bureau of Economic Research; University College Dublin; University College Dublin; Center for Economic & Policy Research (CEPR); IZA Institute Labor Economics; Norwegian School of Economics (NHH); Centre for Economic Policy Research - UK
摘要：Using population data from Norway, we examine the effects of stress induced by the death of the mother's parent during pregnancy on both the short-run and the long-run outcomes of the infant. Using a variety of empirical strategies to address the issue of nonrandom exposure to death during a pregnancy, we find small negative effects on birth outcomes. However, we find no evidence of adverse effects on adult outcomes. This suggests that, though there may be measurable effects on birth outcomes,...
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作者：Zinman, Jonathan; Zitzewitz, Eric
作者单位：Dartmouth College
摘要：Casual empiricism suggests that deceptive advertising about product quality is prevalent, and several classes of theories explore its causes and consequences. We provide unusually sharp empirical evidence on its extent, mechanics, and dynamics. Ski resorts self-report substantially more natural snowfall than comparable government sources. The difference is more pronounced on weekends, despite third-party evidence that snowfall is uniform throughout the weekas one would expect given plausibly g...
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作者：Brodeur, Abel; Le, Mathias; Sangnier, Marc; Zylberberg, Yanos
作者单位：University of Ottawa; Paris School of Economics; Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS); Aix-Marseille Universite; University of Bristol
摘要：Using 50,000 tests published in the AER, JPE, and QJE, we identify a residual in the distribution of tests that cannot be explained solely by journals favoring rejection of the null hypothesis. We observe a two-humped camel shape with missing p-values between 0.25 and 0.10 that can be retrieved just after the 0.05 threshold and represent 10-20 percent of marginally rejected tests. Our interpretation is that researchers inflate the value of just-rejected tests by choosing significant specificat...
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作者：Autor, David H.; Manning, Alan; Smith, Christopher L.
作者单位：Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT); National Bureau of Economic Research; University of London; London School Economics & Political Science; University of London; London School Economics & Political Science; Federal Reserve System - USA; Federal Reserve System Board of Governors
摘要：We reassess the effect of minimum wages on US earnings inequality using additional decades of data and an IV strategy that addresses potential biases in prior work. We find that the minimum wage reduces inequality in the lower tail of the wage distribution, though by substantially less than previous estimates, suggesting that rising lower tail inequality after 1980 primarily reflects underlying wage structure changes rather than an unmasking of latent inequality. These wage effects extend to p...
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作者：Cook, Philip J.; Kang, Songman
作者单位：Duke University; Hanyang University
摘要：Dropouts have high crime rates, but is there a direct causal link? This study, utilizing administrative data for six cohorts of public school children in North Carolina, demonstrates that those born just after the cut date for enrolling in public kindergarten are more likely to drop out of high school before graduation and to commit a felony offense by age 19. We present suggestive evidence that dropout mediates criminal involvement. Paradoxically, these late-entry students outperform their gr...
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作者：DellaVigna, Stefano; Durante, Ruben; Knight, Brian; La Ferrara, Eliana
作者单位：University of California System; University of California Berkeley; National Bureau of Economic Research; Institut d'Etudes Politiques Paris (Sciences Po); Centre for Economic Policy Research - UK; Brown University; Bocconi University; Bocconi University
摘要：We analyze a novel lobbying channel: firms shifting spending toward a politician's business in the hope of securing favorable regulation. We examine the evolution of advertising spending in Italy during 1993-2009, a period in which Berlusconi was in power three separate times, while maintaining control of Italy's major private television network, Mediaset. We document a significant pro-Mediaset bias in the allocation of advertising during Berlusconi's political tenure, especially for companies...
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作者：Agrawal, Ajay; Goldfarb, Avi; Teodoridis, Florenta
作者单位：University of Toronto; National Bureau of Economic Research; University of Southern California
摘要：The fall of the Iron Curtain led to an influx of new mathematical ideas into western science. We show that research teams grew disproportionately in size in subfields of mathematics in which the Soviets were strongest. This is consistent with the knowledge burden hypothesis that an outward shift in the knowledge frontier increases the returns to collaboration. We also report additional evidence consistent with this interpretation: (i) The effect is present in countries outside the United State...
