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作者：Bhargava, Saurabh; Pathania, Vikram S.
作者单位：Carnegie Mellon University; University of London; London School Economics & Political Science
摘要：We investigate the causal link between driver cell phone use and crash rates by exploiting a natural experiment induced by the 9 PM price discontinuity that characterizes a majority of recent cellular plans. We first document a 7.2 percent jump in driver call likelihood at the 9 PM threshold. Using a prior period as a comparison, we next document no corresponding change in the relative crash rate. Our estimates imply an upper bound in the crash risk odds ratio of 3.0, which rejects the 4.3 ass...
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作者：Grosfeld, Irena; Rodnyansky, Alexander; Zhuravskaya, Ekaterina
作者单位：Paris School of Economics; Princeton University; Paris School of Economics
摘要：We estimate long-term effects of Jewish presence in Europe before World War II, using discontinuity at the border of the Pale of Settlement area where Jews were allowed to live in the Russian Empire. Current residents of the Pale have lower support for market, and are less entrepreneurial but more trusting compared to those outside the Pale. We suggest a mechanism and test for it: anti-Semitism generated persistent antimarket culture and trust among non-Jews. Consistent with this mechanism, an...
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作者：Hungerman, Daniel M.
作者单位：University of Notre Dame; National Bureau of Economic Research
摘要：This paper considers substitution between charitable activities in the context of religious practice by examining the Catholic Church sex abuse scandal's impact on both Catholic and non-Catholic religiosity. I find a fall in the Catholic population compensated by increases in non-Catholic participation and nonaffiliation. Back-of-the-envelope calculations suggest the scandal generated about $3 billion dollars in donations to non-Catholic faiths. Those leaving Catholicism frequently chose dissi...
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作者：Lockwood, Ben; Porcelli, Francesco
作者单位：University of Warwick
摘要：This paper studies Comprehensive Performance Assessment, an explicit incentive scheme for local government in England. Motivated by a theoretical political agency model, we predict that CPA should increase service quality and local taxation, but have an ambiguous effect on the efficiency of service provision. We test these predictions using Welsh local governments as a control group: CPA increased the property tax, and our index of service quality, but had no significant effect on efficiency o...
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作者：Cascio, Elizabeth U.; Gordon, Nora; Reber, Sarah
作者单位：Dartmouth College; Georgetown University; University of California System; University of California Los Angeles
摘要：We analyze the effects of the introduction of Title I of the 1965 Elementary and Secondary Education Act, a large federal grants program designed to increase poor students' educational services and achievement. We focus on the South, the poorest region of the country. Title I increased school spending by $0.50 on the dollar in the average southern school district and by more in districts with less ability to offset grants through local tax reductions. Title I-induced increases in school budget...
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作者：Piermartini, Roberta; Rousova, Linda
作者单位：World Health Organization; European Central Bank
摘要：Using information on 2,300 Air Services Agreements covering 184 countries, we investigate the impact of air services liberalization on passenger flows. We find that a certain level of liberalization is required to have a positive effect on passenger traffic. In particular, we estimate that the multilateralization of multiple designation provisions, Open Skies Agreements and European Economic Area-type agreements would increase passenger traffic worldwide by 0.5, 5, and 10 percent, respectively...
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作者：Basten, Christoph; Betz, Frank
作者单位：Swiss Federal Institutes of Technology Domain; ETH Zurich
摘要：We investigate the effect of Reformed Protestantism, relative to Catholicism, on preferences for leisure, and for redistribution and intervention in the economy. We use a Fuzzy Spatial Regression Discontinuity Design to exploit a historical quasi-experiment in Western Switzerland, where in the sixteenth century a hitherto homogeneous region was split and one part assigned to adopt Protestantism. We find that Reformed Protestantism reduces referenda voting for more leisure by 14, redistribution...
