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作者：Attanasio, Orazio; Guarin, Arlen; Medina, Carlos; Meghir, Costas
作者单位：University of London; University College London; Banco de la Republica Colombia; Yale University
摘要：We evaluate the long-term impacts of a randomized Colombian training and job placement program. Following the large short-term effects, we now find that the program effects persist, increasing formal participation and earnings contributions to social security and working in larger firms. By using a large administrative source we are also able to establish that the program improved both male and female labor market outcomes by a similar amount-a result that was not apparent with the smaller eva...
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作者：Hjort, Jonas; Solvsten, Mikkel; Wust, Miriam
作者单位：Columbia University; University of California System; University of California Berkeley
摘要：This paper examines the long-run health effects of a universal infant health intervention, the 1937 Danish home visiting program, which targeted all infants. Using administrative population data and exploiting variation in the timing of implementation across municipalities, we find that treated individuals enjoy higher age-specific survival rates during middle age (45-64), experience fewer hospital nights, and are less likely to be diagnosed with cardiovascular disease. These results suggest t...
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作者：Li, Danielle
作者单位：Harvard University
摘要：Evaluators with expertise in a particular field may have an informational advantage in separating good projects from bad. At the same time, they may also have personal preferences that impact their objectivity. This paper examines these issues in the context of peer review at the US National Institutes of Health. I show that evaluators are both better informed and more biased about the quality of projects in their own area. On net, the benefits of expertise weakly dominate the costs of bias. A...
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作者：He, Guojun; Wang, Shaoda
作者单位：Hong Kong University of Science & Technology; Hong Kong University of Science & Technology; University of California System; University of California Berkeley
摘要：This study estimates the effect of improved bureaucrat quality on poverty alleviation by exploring a unique human capital reallocation policy in China-the College Graduate Village Officials (CGVOs) program. We find that introducing CGVOs into the village governance system improves the targeting and implementation of the central government's social assistance programs. CGVOs help eligible poor households understand and apply for relevant subsidies, thus increasing the number of pro-poor program...
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作者：Martinez-Bravo, Monica
摘要：A by-product of the extension of mass education is the increase in the level of education of those eligible for political offices. This can have a profound impact on the effectiveness of local governments. In this paper, I examine the effects of a large school construction program in Indonesia on local governance and public good provision. The results show that the program led to important increases in the provision of public goods. Furthermore, I provide evidence consistent with the hypothesi...
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作者：Rossin-Slater, Maya
作者单位：University of California System; University of California Santa Barbara; National Bureau of Economic Research; IZA Institute Labor Economics
摘要：With nearly half of US births occurring out of wedlock, understanding how parents navigate their relationship options is important. This paper examines the consequences of a large exogenous change to parental relationship contract options on parental behavior and child well-being. Identification comes from the staggered timing of state reforms that substantially lowered the cost of legal paternity establishment. I show that the resulting increases in paternity establishment are partially drive...
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作者：Chen, Shuo; Lan, Xiaohuan
作者单位：Fudan University; Fudan University; Fudan University
摘要：The elimination of private property rights can lead to ineffcient use of productive assets. In China's collectivization movement from 1955 to 1957, instead of transferring draft animals to the ownership of the collectives, peasants slaughtered them to keep the meat and hide. By comparing 1,600 counties that launched the movement in different years, the difference-in-differences estimates suggest that the animal loss during the movement was 12 to 15 percent, or 7.4-9.5 million head. Grain outpu...
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作者：MacLeod, W. Bentley; Riehl, Evan; Saavedra, Juan E.; Urquiola, Miguel
作者单位：Columbia University; University of Southern California
摘要：We explore how college reputation affects the big sort, the process by which students choose colleges and find their first jobs. We incorporate a simple definition of college reputation-graduates' mean admission scores-into a competitive labor market model. This generates a clear prediction: if employers use reputation to set wages, then the introduction of a new measure of individual skill will decrease the return to reputation. Administrative data and a natural experiment from the country of...
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作者：Fisman, Raymond; Wang, Yongxiang
作者单位：Boston University; University of Southern California
摘要：We study a 2004 program designed to motivate Chinese bureaucrats to reduce accidental deaths. Each province received a set of death ceilings that, if exceeded, would impede government officials' promotions. For each category of accidental deaths, we observe a sharp discontinuity in reported deaths at the ceiling, suggestive of manipulation. Provinces with safety incentives for municipal officials experienced larger declines in accidental deaths, suggesting complementarities between incentives ...
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作者：Jayachandran, Seema
作者单位：Northwestern University
摘要：The desire for smaller families is conjectured as one reason the male-to-female sex ratio has increased with economic development in several countries. Families that strongly want at least one son are less likely to obtain him by chance at low fertility, which could increase their use of sex-selective abortion. This paper quantifies the relationship between desired fertility and the sex ratio in India by eliciting sex composition preferences at specified fertility levels. I find that the desir...
