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作者：Dahl, Gordon B.; Gielen, Anne C.
作者单位：University of California System; University of California San Diego; Norwegian School of Economics (NHH); Erasmus University Rotterdam; Erasmus University Rotterdam - Excl Erasmus MC; Tinbergen Institute
摘要：Using a 1993 Dutch policy reform and a regression discontinuity design, we find children of parents whose disability insurance (DI) eligibility was reduced are 11 percent less likely to participate in DI themselves, do not alter their use of other government programs, and earn 2 percent more as adults. The reduced transfers and increased taxes of children account for 40 percent of the fiscal savings relative to parents in present discounted value terms. Moreover, children of treated parents co...
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作者：Muralidharan, Karthik; Niehaus, Paul; Sukhtankar, Sandip; Weaver, Jeffrey
作者单位：National Bureau of Economic Research; University of California System; University of California San Diego; University of Virginia; University of Southern California
摘要：Improving last-mile public service delivery is a recurring challenge in developing countries. Could the widespread adoption of mobile phones provide a scalable, cost-effective means for improvement? We use a large-scale experiment to evaluate the impact of phone-based monitoring on a program that transferred nearly a billion dollars to 5.7 million Indian farmers. In randomly selected jurisdictions, officials were informed that program implementation would be measured via calls with beneficiari...
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作者：Gonzalez, Robert M.
作者单位：University of South Carolina System; University of South Carolina Columbia
摘要：This paper examines the impact of cell phone access on election fraud. I combine cell phone coverage maps with the location of polling centers during the 2009 Afghan presidential election to pinpoint which centers were exposed to coverage. Results from a spatial regression discontinuity design along the two-dimensional coverage boundary suggest that coverage deters corrupt behavior. Polling centers just inside coverage report a drop in the share of fraudulent votes of 4 percentage points, whil...
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作者：Hausman, Naomi; Lavetti, Kurt
作者单位：Hebrew University of Jerusalem; University System of Ohio; Ohio State University
摘要：We study the relationship between physician organizational structures and prices negotiated with private insurers. Using variation caused by state-level judicial law changes, we show that a 10 percent increase in the enforceability of noncompete agreements (NCAs) causes 4.3 percent higher physician prices, and declines in practice sizes and concentration. Using two databases containing every physician establishment and firm between 1996 and 2007, linked to negotiated prices, we show that large...
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作者：Huang, Wei; Zhang, Chuanchuan
作者单位：National University of Singapore; Emory University; National Bureau of Economic Research; IZA Institute Labor Economics; Zhejiang University; Central University of Finance & Economics
摘要：This paper utilizes the county-by-county rollout of China's New Rural Pension Scheme (NRPS) and finds that, among age-eligible people, the pension scheme leads to higher household income and food expenditure, less farmwork, better health, and lower mortality. In addition, the NRPS shifts age-ineligible adults from farmwork to nonfarmwork but does not significantly affect their income, expenditure, or health. No significant evidence shows that the NRPS affects private transfers or health behavi...
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作者：McKenzie, David; Puerto, Susana
作者单位：The World Bank
摘要：A common concern with efforts to directly help some small businesses to grow is that their growth comes at the expense of their unassisted competitors. We test this possibility using a two-stage randomized experiment in Kenya that randomizes business training at the market level and then within markets to selected businesses. Three years after training, the treated businesses are selling more, earn higher profits, and their owners have higher well-being. Point estimates of the spillovers on th...
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作者：Carter, Michael; Laajaj, Rachid; Yang, Dean
作者单位：University of California System; University of California Davis; University of Cape Town; Universidad de los Andes (Colombia); University of Michigan System; University of Michigan; University of Michigan System; University of Michigan
摘要：The Green Revolution, which bolstered agricultural yields and economic well-being in Asia and Latin America beginning in the 1960s, largely bypassed sub-Saharan Africa. We study the first randomized controlled trial of a government-implemented input subsidy program (ISP) in Africa intended to foment a Green Revolution. We find that this temporary subsidy for Mozambican maize farmers stimulates Green Revolution technology adoption and leads to increased maize yields. Effects of the subsidy pers...
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作者：Deshpande, Manasi; Gross, Tal; Su, Yalun
作者单位：University of Chicago; National Bureau of Economic Research; Boston University; University of Chicago
摘要：What is the relationship between disability programs and financial distress? We provide the first evidence on this relationship using several markers of financial distress: bankruptcy, foreclosure, eviction, and home sale. Rates of these adverse financial events peak around the time of disability application. Using variation induced by an age-based eligibility rule, we find that disability allowance reduces the likelihood of bankruptcy by 20 percent, foreclosure by 33 percent, and home sale by...
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作者：Gu, Yizhen; Jiang, Chang; Zhang, Junfu; Zou, Ben
作者单位：Peking University Shenzhen Graduate School (PKU Shenzhen); Peking University; Baidu; Clark University; Michigan State University
摘要：We study whether subways alleviate road congestion by examining 45 subway line launches in China and by using detailed data on road speed. Our difference-in-differences estimation finds that in the first year after a subway line is launched, rush hour speed on nearby roads increases by about 4 percent. The effect is most prominent in initially congested roads and declines over distance to the new subway line. Evidence on road speed is corroborated with substitution patterns among modes of tran...
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作者：Ajzenman, Nicolas
摘要：Does political corruption erode civic values and foster dishonest behavior? I test this hypothesis in the context of Mexico by combining data on local government corruption and cheating on school tests. I find that, following revelations of corruption by local officials, secondary students' cheating on cognitive tests increases significantly. The effect is large and robust and persists for over a year after malfeasance is revealed. These findings are validated by evidence from individual surve...
