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作者：Massenkoff, Maxim; Rose, Evan k.
作者单位：United States Department of Defense; United States Navy; Naval Postgraduate School; University of Chicago; National Bureau of Economic Research
摘要：We perform a large-scale analysis of the impact of family formation on crime. For mothers, criminal arrests drop precipitously in the first few months of pregnancy, decreasing 50 percent overall. Men show a sustained 20 percent decline in crime that begins around pregnancy, although arrests for domestic violence spike at birth. A separate design using parents of stillborn children to estimate counterfactual arrest rates reinforces the main findings. Marriage, in contrast, is not associated wit...
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作者：Ngo, Diana; Dustan, Andrew
作者单位：Occidental College; William & Mary
摘要：The gender gap in STEM widens during high school due both to differences in student choices and institutional barriers to accessing STEM education. Using rich data from Mexico City's centralized assignment system and a structural model of high school choice, we document strong demand for elite STEM programs and relatively weak demand for non-elite STEM programs. Decomposition and counterfactual simulations demonstrate that most of the gap is due to gendered choices, with males more strongly pr...
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作者：Dustmann, Christian; Landerso, Rasmus; Andersen, Lars Hojsgaard
作者单位：University of London; University College London
摘要：This paper studies the effects of a large welfare benefit reduction on the children in the affected families. The welfare cut targeted adult refugees who received residency in Denmark, and it reduced their disposable income by 30 percent on average over the first five years. We show that children exposed to the welfare cut during preschool and school-age obtained lower GPAs, experienced reduced well-being and overall education levels, and suffered lower employment and earnings as adults. Child...
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作者：Persson, Petra; Rossin-Slater, Maya
作者单位：Stanford University; National Bureau of Economic Research; National Bureau of Economic Research; Stanford University; IZA Institute Labor Economics
摘要：We study how fathers' access to workplace flexibility affects maternal postpartum health. We use variation from a Swedish reform that granted new fathers more flexibility to take intermittent parental leave during the postpartum period and show that increasing the father's temporal flexibility-and thereby his ability to be present at home together with the mother-reduces the incidence of maternal postpartum health complications. Our results suggest that mothers bear part of the burden from a l...
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作者：Giacobino, Helene; Huillery, Elise; Michel, Bastien; Sage, Mathilde
作者单位：Universite PSL; Universite Paris-Dauphine; Nantes Universite
摘要：We study the impact of a scholarship-based intervention aimed to reduce child marriage by fostering secondary education among adolescent girls in Niger. Using a large-scale randomized controlled trial, we find that after three years of implementation, the intervention led to large and positive effects. It halved both dropout and marriage rates and increased girls' and their parents' aspirations. Importantly, there is no displacement effect detrimental to the education and marriage status of no...
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作者：Gerardino, Maria Paula; Litschig, Stephan; Pomeranz, Dina
作者单位：Inter-American Development Bank; National Graduate Institute for Policy Studies; University of Zurich; Centre for Economic Policy Research - UK
摘要：Public sector audits are key to state capacity. However, they can create unintended distortions. Regression discontinuity analysis from Chile shows that audits lowered the use of auctions for public procurement, reduced supplier competition, and increased the likelihood of small, local, and incumbent firms winning contracts. Looking inside the black box of the audit process reveals that relative to comparable direct contracts, auctions underwent more than twice as many checks and led to twice ...
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作者：Kankanhalli, Gaurav; Kwan, Alan; Merkley, Kenneth
作者单位：Pennsylvania Commonwealth System of Higher Education (PCSHE); University of Pittsburgh; University of Hong Kong; Indiana University System; Indiana University Bloomington
摘要：Innovative firms must trade off disclosing to investors and maintaining secrecy from competitors. We study this trade-off in a sample of IP licenses mandatorily disclosed by US public firms, whose contents can be temporarily redacted. Hand classifying the redacted information, we find that firms with valuable IP in competitive markets redact IP information more often. Markets react positively to the redaction of IP information, consistent with theoretical predictions rationalizing a separating...
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作者：Lepage, Louis-Pierre
作者单位：Stockholm University
摘要：I study discrimination arising from individual experiences of employers with worker groups. I present a model in which employers are uncertain about the productivity of one of two groups and learn through hiring. Positive experiences lead to positive biases, which correct themselves by leading to more hiring and learning. Negative experiences decrease hiring and learning, preserving negative biases, which can cause persistent discrimination. The model explains prejudice as incorrect statistica...
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作者：Emanuel, Natalia; Harrington, Emma
作者单位：Federal Reserve System - USA; Federal Reserve Bank - New York; University of Virginia
摘要：How does remote work affect productivity and how productive are workers who choose remote jobs? We decompose these effects in a Fortune 500 firm. Before COVID-19, remote workers answered 12 percent fewer calls per hour than on-site workers. After offices closed, the productivity gap narrowed by 4 percent, and formerly on-site workers'call quality and promotion rates declined. Even with everyone remote, an 8 percent productivity gap persisted, indicating negative selection into remote jobs. A c...
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作者：Sekhri, Sheetal; Shastry, Gauri Kartini
作者单位：University of Virginia; Wellesley College
摘要：The rising rate of chronic disease is a leading driver of the global disease burden. Yet, its determinants are not fully understood. Exploiting the Green Revolution and its expansion in historically groundwater-rich Indian districts, we examine the unanticipated contribution of agricultural productivity growth to the rise in chronic, diet-related diseases. We find that areas with greater adoption of new staple varieties saw an increase in diabetes in men born after the introduction of high-yie...
