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作者：Binzel, Christine; Carvalho, Jean-Paul
作者单位：Ruprecht Karls University Heidelberg; IZA Institute Labor Economics; University of California System; University of California Irvine
摘要：Muslim societies have been reshaped in recent decades by an Islamic revival. We document a contemporaneous decline in social mobility among educated youth in Egypt, the epicentre of the movement in the Arab world. We then develop a model to show how an unexpected decline in social mobility combined with inequality can produce a religious revival led by the educated middle class. The principal idea is that religion helps individuals to cope with unfulfilled aspirations by adjusting their expect...
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作者：Pagnozzi, Marco; Saral, Krista J.
作者单位：University of Naples Federico II
摘要：We analyse the effects of different resale mechanisms on bidders' strategies in multi-object uniform-price auctions with asymmetric bidders. Our experiment consists of four treatments: one without resale and three resale treatments that vary the information available and the bargaining mechanism in the resale market. Resale markets induce demand reduction by high-value bidders and speculation by low-value bidders, thus affecting the allocation of the objects on sale. The magnitude of these eff...
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作者：Oosterlinck, Kim
作者单位：Universite Libre de Bruxelles; Solvay SA; Center for Economic & Policy Research (CEPR)
摘要：During World War II, artworks significantly outperformed all alternative investments in Occupied France. With the surge in demand for portable and easy-to-hide (discreet) assets such as artworks and collectible stamps, prices boomed. This suggests that discreet assets may be viewed as crypto-currencies, demand for which varies depending on the environment and the need to hide value. Regarding art market valuation, this article argues that while some economic actors derive significant utility f...
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作者：Cervellati, Matteo; Sunde, Uwe; Valmori, Simona
作者单位：University of Munich; University of Bologna; IZA Institute Labor Economics; Leibniz Association; Ifo Institut; Centre for Economic Policy Research - UK
摘要：This article documents a statistically strong and quantitatively relevant effect of high exposure to infectious diseases on the risk of civil conflicts. The analysis exploits data on the presence and endemicity of multi-host vector-transmitted pathogens in a country, which is closely related to geo-climatic conditions due to the specific features of these pathogens. Exploiting within-country variation over time shows that this effect of pathogen exposure is significantly amplified by weather s...
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作者：Perry, Motty; Reny, Philip J.; Robson, Arthur J.
作者单位：University of Warwick; University of Chicago; Simon Fraser University
摘要：Understanding the purpose of sex is a fundamental unresolved problem in evolutionary biology. The difficulty is not that there are too few theories of sex, the difficulty is that there are too many and none stand out. To distinguish between theories, we ask: Why are there no triparental species with offspring composed of the genetic material of three individuals? A successful theory should confer an advantage to biparental sex over asexual reproduction without conferring an even greater advant...
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作者：Letzler, Robert; Sandler, Ryan; Jaroszewicz, Ania; Knowles, Isaac; Olson, Luke M.
作者单位：Carnegie Mellon University; Indiana University System; Indiana University Bloomington
摘要：We study defaults in a novel setting where the optimal choice is clear: the decision to escape from fraud. A government lawsuit created a natural experiment whereby some consumers enrolled in a fraudulent subscription programme were cancelled by default, while others had to cancel actively. We find that cancelling subscriptions by default increased cancellations to 99.8%, 63.4 percentage points more than requiring active cancellation. We also find that consumers residing in poorer, less-educat...
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作者：Karp, Larry
作者单位：University of California System; University of California Berkeley
摘要：Because carbon emissions create externalities across countries and generations, climate policy requires international cooperation and intergenerational altruism. A differential game using overlapping generations with intergenerational altruism shows how altruism and cooperation interact, and provides estimates of their relative importance in determining equilibrium steady-state carbon levels. A small increase in cooperation has a larger equilibrium effect than a small increase in altruism, beg...
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作者：Wu, Yanhui
作者单位：University of Southern California
摘要：This article develops a theory of sorting that links ability, pay-performance sensitivity and pay levels. Firms employ managers to improve productivity. Because of limited liability, firms use incentive contracts to elicit managerial effort; the type of optimal contract depends on a manager's ability. In equilibrium, individuals are sorted based on ability into production workers, business owners, managers paid an ability-invariant bonus, and managers whose pay varies with ability and firm siz...
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作者：Bentancor, Andrea; Clarke, Damian
作者单位：Universidad de Santiago de Chile
摘要：We test whether the availability of the emergency contraceptive (morning after') pill in the absence of legalised abortion can have effects similar to those of other large-scale contraceptive reforms. To do so, we examine a quasi-experimental policy reform occurring in Chile in 2008. Using vital statistics covering all births and foetal deaths over the period 2006-12, we show that the availability of the emergency contraceptive pill reduces pregnancy and early gestation foetal death, which we ...
