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作者：Rasul, Imran; Rogger, Daniel
作者单位：University of London; University College London; The World Bank
摘要：We study how the management practices bureaucrats operate under correlate with the quantity of public services delivered, using data from the Nigerian Civil Service. We have hand-coded independent engineering assessments of 4,700 project completion rates. We supplement this with a management survey in the bureaucracies responsible for these projects, building on Bloom and Van Reenen (). Management practices matter: increasing bureaucrats' autonomy is positively associated with completion rates...
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作者：Artuc, Erhan; Ozden, Caglar
作者单位：The World Bank
摘要：The paths of many migrants include multiple destinations and transit routes, yet this pattern is almost never reflected in empirical analyses. For example, 9% of recent immigrants to the US arrived from a transit country as opposed to the one they were born in. Among those arriving from many OECD countries, transit migration ratio exceeds 30%. To explain these patterns, we construct a dynamic model of global migration that allows transit migration opportunities to impact the attractiveness of ...
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作者：Parsons, Christopher; Vezina, Pierre-Louis
作者单位：University of Western Australia; University of London; King's College London
摘要：We exploit a unique event in human history, the exodus of the Vietnamese Boat People to the US, to provide evidence for the causal pro-trade effect of migrants. This episode represents an ideal natural experiment as the large immigration shock, the first wave of which comprised refugees exogenously allocated across the US, occurred over a 20-year period during which time the US imposed a complete trade embargo on Vietnam. Following the lifting of trade restrictions in 1994, US exports to Vietn...
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作者：Vosters, Kelly
作者单位：University of North Carolina; University of North Carolina Charlotte
摘要：Recent work by Gregory Clark and co-authors uses a new surnames approach to examine intergenerational mobility, finding much higher persistence rates than traditionally estimated. Clark proposes a model of social mobility to explain the diverging estimates, including the crucial but untested hypothesis that traditional estimates of intergenerational persistence are biased downward because they use only one measure (e.g. earnings) of underlying status. I test for evidence of this using an appro...
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作者：Schnepel, Kevin T.
作者单位：University of Sydney; IZA Institute Labor Economics
摘要：I estimate the impact of employment opportunities on recidivism among 1.7million offenders released from a California prison between 1993 and 2008. The institutional structure of the California criminal justice system as well as location, skill, and industry-specific job accession data provide a unique framework for identifying a causal effect of job availability on criminal behaviour. I find that increases in construction and manufacturing opportunities at the time of release are associated w...
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作者：Beach, Brian; Hanlon, W. Walker
作者单位：University of California System; University of California Los Angeles; William & Mary; National Bureau of Economic Research
摘要：Air pollution was severe in the nineteenth century, yet its health consequences are often overlooked due to a lack of pollution data. We offer a new approach for inferring local coal use levels based on local industrial structure and industry-specific coal use intensity. This allows us to provide the first estimates of the mortality effects of British industrial coal use in 1851-60. Exploiting wind patterns for identification, we find that a one standard deviation increase in coal use raised i...
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作者：Afzal, Uzma; d'Adda, Giovanna; Fafchamps, Marcel; Quinn, Simon; Said, Farah
作者单位：Lahore School of Economics; Stanford University; University of Oxford
摘要：We use a field experiment to test whether saving and borrowing satisfy demand for lump-sum accumulation from regular deposits. Inspired by ROSCAs, we offer different credit and saving contracts to subjects. We find that individuals often accept both credit and saving contract across experimental waves. This behaviour can be rationalised by assuming that individuals seek lump-sum payments and struggle to hold savings. Structural estimation of this model accounts for the behaviour of 75% of part...
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作者：Picchio, Matteo; Suetens, Sigrid; van Ours, Jan C.
作者单位：Marche Polytechnic University; IZA Institute Labor Economics; Tilburg University; Center for Economic & Policy Research (CEPR); Erasmus University Rotterdam; Erasmus University Rotterdam - Excl Erasmus MC; University of Melbourne; Tinbergen Institute
摘要：Our article investigates how winning a substantial lottery prize affects labour supply. Analysing data from Dutch State Lottery winners, we find that winning a lottery prize reduces labour earnings in the year of the winning, as well as in the years after the winning. This suggests that winning a lottery prize makes one work fewer hours. The effects are small but statistically significant. We do not find a significant effect of lottery prizes on the probability of being employed.
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作者：Jessoe, Katrina; Manning, Dale T.; Taylor, J. Edward
作者单位：University of California System; University of California Davis; Colorado State University System; Colorado State University Fort Collins
摘要：This article evaluates the effects of annual fluctuations in weather on employment in rural Mexico to gain insight into the potential labour market implications of climate change. Using a 28-year panel on individual employment, we find that years with a high occurrence of heat lead to a reduction in local employment, particularly for wage work and non-farm labour. Extreme heat also increases migration domestically from rural to urban areas and internationally to the US. A medium emissions scen...
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作者：Piffer, Michele; Podstawski, Maximilian
作者单位：Leibniz Association; DIW Berlin - Deutsches Institut fur Wirtschaftsforschung; Free University of Berlin
摘要：We propose an instrument to identify uncertainty shocks in a proxy structural vector autoregressive model (SVAR). The instrument equals the variations in the price of gold around events associated with unexpected changes in uncertainty. These variations correlate with uncertainty shocks because gold is perceived as a safe haven asset. To control for news-related effects associated with the events we identify uncertainty and news shocks jointly, developing a set-identified proxy SVAR. We find t...
