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作者：Repetto, Luca
作者单位：Uppsala University
摘要：I exploit a reform that required Italian municipalities to disclose their balance sheets before elections to study whether having more informed voters affects the political budget cycle. Municipal investment in the year before elections is 28.5% higher than in electoral years, and the reform reduced this pre-electoral spending increase by one third. I then study the role of local newspapers in disseminating municipal financial information to voters and find that the effect of the reform is twi...
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作者：Angelucci, Manuela; De Giorgi, Giacomo; Rasul, Imran
作者单位：University of Michigan System; University of Michigan; ICREA; Barcelona School of Economics; Autonomous University of Barcelona; University of London; University College London
摘要：This article examines a novel motive for resource pooling in family networks in rural economies: to relax credit constraints and facilitate investment in non-collateraliseable assets for which credit market imperfections are most binding. We thus complement established literatures examining risk-sharing motives for resource transfers within family networks, as well as motives based on kinship tax obligations. We do so exploiting the Progresa programme data, in which family networks can be iden...
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作者：Guimaraes, Bernardo; Machado, Caio
作者单位：Getulio Vargas Foundation; Pontificia Universidad Catolica de Chile
摘要：This article studies stimulus policies in a simple macroeconomic model featuring a dynamic coordination problem that arises from demand externalities and fixed costs of investment. In times of low economic activity, firms face low demand and hence have lower incentives for investing, which reinforces their low-demand expectations. In a benchmark case with no shocks, the economy might get trapped in a low-output regime and a social planner would be particularly keen to incentivise investment at...
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作者：Harris, Matthew C.; Kohn, Jennifer L.
作者单位：University of Tennessee System; University of Tennessee Knoxville; Drew University
摘要：We propose that health in prior periods, termed reference health, is theoretically and empirically relevant to the demand for medical care. To address non-normality in the distributions of medical care spending, consumption, and health, we use a conditional density estimator nested in a finite mixture framework. We find that reference health can help explain the variation in spending among individuals with the same contemporaneous health, particularly in the top tail of the spending distributi...
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作者：Bhalotra, Sonia; Clots-Figueras, Irma; Iyer, Lakshmi
作者单位：University of Essex; Universidad Carlos III de Madrid; University of Notre Dame
摘要：We investigate whether the event of women being competitively elected as state legislators encourages subsequent political participation among women. Using a regression discontinuity design on Indian constituency level data, we find that female incumbents are more likely than male incumbents to re-contest and that there is a decline in the entry of new women candidates. This decline is most pronounced in states with entrenched gender bias and in male-headed parties, suggesting an intensificati...
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作者：Frederiksen, Anders; Kato, Takao
作者单位：Copenhagen Business School; IZA Institute Labor Economics; Colgate University; Columbia University; Rutgers University System; Rutgers University New Brunswick
摘要：Using Danish registry data covering the population of Danish workers, we provide new and robust evidence with external validity on the importance of the breadth of human capital for top management appointments, and support/enrich the human capital theory of corporate leadership by Gibbons and Waldman and Lazear. Our analysis allows for both internal promotion and external recruitment as means to achieve top management appointments, and yields additional findings: the breath of human capital is...
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作者：Affeldt, Pauline; Filistrucchi, Lapo; Klein, Tobias J.
作者单位：Leibniz Association; DIW Berlin - Deutsches Institut fur Wirtschaftsforschung; Technical University of Berlin; Tilburg University; University of Florence
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作者：Dobrescu, Loretti Isabella; Fan, Xiaodong; Bateman, Hazel; Newell, Ben Rhodri; Ortmann, A.; Thorp, Susan
作者单位：University of New South Wales Sydney; University of Sydney
摘要：This study develops a structural dynamic life-cycle model to examine the behavior of members of an industry-wide pension fund to assess both the prevalence of defaults and their impact on retirement savings. We estimate the model using the simulated method of moments on administrative data from a large Australian pension fund. Our results show that default settings strongly influence wealth accumulation. Such settings are also highly persistent, both over time and across decisions. Overall, th...
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作者：Sin, Isabelle
作者单位：Victoria University Wellington
摘要：I use newly digitised data on a million book translations for 1949-2000 to study the factors that affect the international diffusion of ideas carried by books. I estimate a gravity model and find translation flows decrease significantly with distance, although distance matters less in later years when the world is more highly globalised. Countries translate more from others that are culturally similar, but this explains none of translations' correlation with physical distance. Translations dec...
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作者：Weyl, E. Glen
作者单位：Microsoft; Yale University
摘要：The Gulf Cooperation Council (GCC) countries accept massive numbers of migrants from poor countries and pay wages that dramatically improve over outside options but are meagre by the standards of natives. As such they do dramatically more per capita to reduce global inequality than do the fortress welfare states' of the Organisation for Economic Cooperation and Development (OECD) countries. If OECD countries were to imitate the GCC it would reduce global inequality by more than full equalisati...
