-
作者：Eichengreen, Barry; Saka, Orkun; Aksoy, Cevat Giray
作者单位：European Bank of Reconstructon & Development; National Bureau of Economic Research; University of California System; University of California Berkeley; Center for Economic & Policy Research (CEPR); City St Georges, University of London; University of London; London School Economics & Political Science; European Bank of Reconstructon & Development; University of London; King's College London; Centre for Economic Policy Research - UK
摘要：Epidemic exposure in an individual's 'impressionable years' (ages 18 to 25) has a persistent negative effect on confidence in political institutions and leaders. This loss of trust is associated with epidemic-induced economic difficulties, such as lower income and unemployment later in life. It is observed for political institutions and leaders only and does not carry over to other institutions and individuals. A key exception is a strong negative effect on confidence in public health systems....
-
作者：Cobb-Clark, Deborah A.; Dahmann, Sarah C.; Kamhoefer, Daniel A.; Schildberg-Hoerisch, Hannah
作者单位：University of Sydney; University of Queensland; ARC Centre of Excellence for Children & Families Over the Life Course; IZA Institute Labor Economics; University of Melbourne; Heinrich Heine University Dusseldorf; Max Planck Society
摘要：This paper studies important determinants of adult self-control using population-representative data and exploiting Germany's division as quasi-experimental variation. We find that former East Germans have substantially more self-control than West Germans and provide evidence for government surveillance as a possible underlying mechanism. We thereby demonstrate that institutional factors can shape people's self-control. Moreover, we find that self-control increases linearly with age. In contra...
-
作者：Ciancio, Alberto; Delavande, Adeline; Kohler, Hans-Peter; Kohler, Iliana, V
作者单位：University of Glasgow; University of Technology Sydney; Universidade Nova de Lisboa; University of Pennsylvania
摘要：We investigate the impact of a randomised information intervention about population-level mortality on health investment and subjective health expectations. Our focus is on risky sex in a high-HIV-prevalence environment. Treated individuals are less likely to engage in risky sexual practices one year after the intervention, with, for example, an 8% increase in abstinence. We collected detailed data on individuals' subjective expectations about their own and population survival, as well as othe...
-
作者：Bronnenberg, Bart J.
作者单位：Tilburg University; Centre for Economic Policy Research - UK; Tilburg University
摘要：This paper proposes a model of the distribution channel to study the decisions of manufacturers, retailers and consumers. The model is used to study how retail distribution affects manufacturing and consumers. As the cost of distribution falls, the retail sector increases assortment size and allows a larger mass of manufacturers to enter, allowing consumers to buy more variety. Entry primitives in manufacturing and retailing determine vertical pricing power. The equilibrium of the model predic...
-
作者：Holmen, M.
-
作者：He, Simin; Kucinskas, Simas
作者单位：Shanghai University of Finance & Economics; Humboldt University of Berlin
摘要：We experimentally study how people form expectations about correlated variables. Subjects forecast a time-series variable A. In treatment Baseline, subjects only observe past values of A. In treatment Correlated, they additionally observe a correlated variable B; A is equally predictable and has the same univariate properties in both treatments. Subjects are significantly less accurate and underreact more in Correlated, inconsistent with Bayesian learning. A structural-model estimation indicat...
-
作者：Ash, Elliott; Poyker, Michael
作者单位：Swiss Federal Institutes of Technology Domain; ETH Zurich; University of Texas System; University of Texas Austin
摘要：Local exposure to conservative news causes judges to impose harsher criminal sentences. Our evidence comes from an instrumental variable analysis, where randomness in television channel positioning across localities induces exogenous variation in exposure to the Fox News Channel. These treatment data on news viewership are taken to outcome data on almost seven million criminal sentencing decisions in the United States for the years 2005-17. Higher Fox News viewership increases incarceration le...
-
作者：Ahmed, Firoz; Hodler, Roland; Islam, Asad
作者单位：Monash University; Monash University; Technical University of Munich; Khulna University; University of St Gallen; Centre for Economic Policy Research - UK; Leibniz Association; Ifo Institut; Monash University; Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT)
摘要：To study the effects of non-partisan information and get-out-the-vote campaigns on the partisan composition of the voting population in competitive authoritarian elections, we conducted a large-scale field experiment prior to the 2018 Bangladeshi general election. Our two treatments highlight that high turnout increases the winning party's legitimacy and that election outcomes matter for policy outcomes. Both treatments increase turnout (measured by ink marks) in government strongholds, but de...
-
作者：Clark, Andrew E.; Zhu, Rong
作者单位：Flinders University South Australia; Paris School of Economics; Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS); Flinders University South Australia; IZA Institute Labor Economics
摘要：We use Australian panel data to examine the impact of retirement on individual locus of control, a socio-emotional skill with substantial explanatory power for a broad range of life outcomes. Exploiting the eligibility age for the Australian Age Pension, we find that retirement leads to increased internal locus of control. This greater internal control explains around one-third and one-fifth of the positive effects of retirement on health and subjective well-being, respectively. We also show t...
-
作者：Litina, Anastasia; Fernandez, Eric Roca
作者单位：University of Macedonia; Universite Clermont Auvergne (UCA); Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS); Institut de Recherche pour le Developpement (IRD)
摘要：This paper relates curiosity to economic development through its impact on human capital formation and technological advancement in pre-modern times. More specifically, we propose that exposure to inexplicable phenomena prompts curiosity and thinking in an attempt to comprehend these mysteries, thus raising human capital and technology, and, ultimately, fostering growth. We focus on solar eclipses as one particular trigger of curiosity and empirically establish a robust relationship between th...
