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作者：Dodini, Samuel; Lovenheim, Michael; Salvanes, Kjell; Willen, Alexander
作者单位：Norwegian School of Economics (NHH); Norwegian School of Economics (NHH); Cornell University
摘要：This paper extends the monopsony literature by taking a task-based approach and estimating the causal effect of concentration on labour market outcomes. Using detailed employer-employee data from Norway, we find that our job task-based measure shows lower degrees of concentration than conventional industry- and occupation-based measures. Exploiting mass lay-offs as exogenous shocks to local labour demand, we show that workers who experience mass separations in more concentrated markets have su...
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作者：Draca, Mirko; Schwarz, Carlo
作者单位：University of Warwick; Bocconi University; University of Warwick
摘要：We investigate whether the ideological polarisation of citizens has increased in Western democracies. We propose a novel methodology to identify individual ideologies by applying latent Dirichlet allocation to political survey data. This approach indicates that questions related to confidence in institutions play a leading role in defining citizen ideologies, in addition to the questions associated with the traditional left-right scale. We decompose the shift in ideological positions across th...
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作者：Singh, Abhijeet
作者单位：Stockholm School of Economics
摘要：Large-scale student assessments are a cornerstone of proposed educational reforms to improve student achievement from very low levels in low- and middle-income countries. Yet, this promise relies on their presumed reliability. I use direct audit evidence from a large Indian state (Andhra Pradesh) to show that, as currently administered, official learning assessments substantially overstate proficiency and understate the 'learning crisis' of low student achievement. In an experiment covering ov...
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作者：van Vlokhoven, Has
作者单位：Tilburg University
摘要：Capital costs are not directly observed since firms own part of their capital stock. I show under which assumptions variation in firms' input choices reveals the user cost of capital. Using Compustat data for the United States, I find that the costs of tangible capital as a share of output have not been increasing, while economic profits have been increasing over the past 50 years from around 4% to around 9% of sales. About three-quarters of the fall in the labour share is associated with a ri...
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作者：Cruz, Cesi; Keefer, Philip; Labonne, Julien; Trebbi, Francesco
作者单位：University of Oxford; University of California System; University of California Los Angeles; Inter-American Development Bank; University of Oxford; University of California System; University of California Berkeley; National Bureau of Economic Research
摘要：Can voters in clientelist countries be swayed by programmatic promises? Results from a structural model and a field experiment disseminating candidate policy platforms in Philippine mayoral elections indicate that they can. Voters who received information about candidate policy promises were more likely to vote for candidates who were closer to their own preferences. Voters who were informed about incumbent candidates' past commitments were more likely to vote for incumbents who fulfilled them...
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作者：Chopra, Felix; Haaland, Ingar; Roth, Christopher
作者单位：University of Cologne; University of Copenhagen; Norwegian School of Economics (NHH); University of Cologne; Centre for Economic Policy Research - UK; Max Planck Society
摘要：We examine the relative importance of accuracy concerns and belief confirmation motives in driving the demand for news. In experiments with US voters, we first vary beliefs about whether an outlet reports the news in a right-wing biased, left-wing biased or unbiased way. We then measure demand for a newsletter covering articles from this outlet. Right-wing voters strongly reduce their demand for left-wing biased news, but not for right-wing biased news. The reverse patterns hold for left-wing ...
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作者：Riano, Juan Felipe; Caicedo, Felipe Valencia
作者单位：Georgetown University; University of British Columbia; Centre for Economic Policy Research - UK
摘要：We investigate the long-term impact of conflict on economic development, focusing on the US 'Secret War' in Laos (1964-73). Our study employs multiple empirical strategies and data on bombing campaigns, satellite imagery, and development indicators to demonstrate that regions heavily bombed during this period experienced lower economic development almost fifty years after the conflict officially ended. A one-standard-deviation increase in bombing intensity is associated with a 7.1% decrease in...
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作者：Lemos, Renata; Muralidharan, Karthik; Scur, Daniela
作者单位：The World Bank; Centre for Economic Policy Research - UK; University of London; London School Economics & Political Science; University of California System; University of California San Diego; National Bureau of Economic Research; Cornell University
摘要：This paper uses new data to study school management and productivity in India. We report five main results. First, management quality in public schools is low, and similar to 2 standard deviations below high-income countries with comparable data. Second, private schools have higher management quality, driven by much stronger people management. Third, people management quality is correlated with independent measures of teaching practice, as well as school productivity measured by student value ...
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作者：Gola, Pawel
作者单位：University of Edinburgh
摘要：Models of self-selection predict that occupations with flat wage schedules attract workers of lower average ability. However, in certain prominent occupations such as academia and the civil service, wages are flat yet the average skill level is high. In this paper, I examine whether social status concerns can explain this puzzle. I find that within-occupation status allows flat wage occupations to attract predominantly high-skilled workers, but only at the cost of attracting few workers overal...
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作者：Cerrone, Claudia; Hermstruwer, Yoan; Kesten, Onur
作者单位：University of Zurich; City St Georges, University of London; University of Zurich; University of Sydney
摘要：Public school choice often yields student assignments that are neither fair nor efficient. The efficiency-adjusted deferred acceptance mechanism allows students to consent to waive priorities that have no effect on their assignments. A burgeoning recent literature places the efficiency-adjusted deferred acceptance mechanism at the centre of the trade-off between efficiency and fairness in school choice. Meanwhile, the Flemish Ministry of Education has taken the first steps to implement this al...
