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作者：Gregg, Amanda; Nafziger, Steven
作者单位：Middlebury College; Williams College
摘要：Enterprise creation, destruction and evolution support the transition to modern economic growth, yet these processes are poorly understood in industrialising contexts. We investigate Imperial Russia's industrial development at the firm level by examining entry, exit and persistence of corporations. Relying on newly developed balance sheet panel data from every non-financial Russian corporation (more than 2,500 of them) between 1899 and 1914, we examine the characteristics of entering and exiti...
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作者：Cannella, Mario; Makarin, Alexey; Pique, Ricardo
作者单位：European Central Bank; Bank of Italy; Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT); Center for Economic & Policy Research (CEPR); University of Pennsylvania
摘要：We explore the legacy of foreign state repression by using the case of the de facto annexed Nazi operational zones in Italy and a spatial regression discontinuity design. We show that the operational zones experienced harsher political persecution and violence. After the war, these exhibited greater support for radical opposition at the expense of the moderate ruling party. Consistent with a mechanism of greater distrust in the government, formerly annexed areas are more likely to vote against...
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作者：Coutts, Alexander; Gerhards, Leonie; Murad, Zahra
作者单位：York University - Canada; University of London; King's College London; University of Portsmouth; Ministry of Education of Azerbaijan Republic; Azerbaijan State University of Economics (UNEC)
摘要：People often receive feedback influenced by external factors, yet little is known about how this affects self-serving biases. Our theoretical model explores how multi-dimensional uncertainty allows additional degrees of freedom for self-serving bias. In our primary experiment, feedback combining an individual's ability and a teammate's ability leads to biased belief updating. However, in a follow-up experiment with a random fundamental replacing the teammate, unbiased updating occurs. A valida...
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作者：Duflo, Annie; Kiessel, Jessica; Lucas, Adrienne M.
作者单位：University of Delaware; Innovations for Poverty Action (IPA); University of Delaware; National Center Atmospheric Research (NCAR) - USA; National Bureau of Economic Research
摘要：We partnered with the Ghanaian government to simultaneously test four methods of increasing achievement-assistant-led remedial pull-out lessons, remedial after-school lessons, smaller class sizes and teacher-implemented partial day tracking-in schools with low and heterogeneous student achievement. The interventions increased student learning by about 0.1 standard deviations, rising to 0.4 standard deviations when adjusting for imperfect implementation, with no effects on attendance, grade rep...
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作者：Siena, Daniele; Zago, Riccardo
作者单位：Polytechnic University of Milan; Polytechnic University of Milan; European Central Bank; Bank of France
摘要：This paper shows that job polarisation-i.e., the disappearance of routine jobs-is changing the characteristics of the labour market. This has structural implications for the relationship between inflation and unemployment, the price Phillips curve. Using data from the European Monetary Union and exploiting the fact that job polarisation accelerates during recessions, we obtain two empirical results. First, countries experiencing a bigger shift in the occupational structure during a downturn ex...
