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作者：Caruso, German; Miller, Sebastian
作者单位：The World Bank; Inter-American Development Bank
摘要：This study estimates the effects of the 1970 Ancash earthquake on human capital accumulation on the affected and subsequent generation, 37 years after the shock, using Peruvian census of 1993 and 2007. The main finding is that males affected by the earthquake in utero completed on average 0.5 years less schooling while females affected by the earthquake completed 0.8 years less schooling. Moreover those affected by the earthquake also fare far worse in the marriage market and become parents at...
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作者：Heath, Rachel; Mobarak, A. Mushfiq
作者单位：University of Washington; University of Washington Seattle; Yale University
摘要：We study the effects of explosive growth in the Bangladeshi ready-made garments industry on the lives on Bangladeshi women. We compare the marriage, childbearing, school enrollment and employment decisions of women who gain greater access to garment sector jobs to women living further away from factories, to years before the factories arrive close to some villages, and to the marriage and enrollment decisions of their male siblings. Girls exposed to the garment sector delay marriage and childb...
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作者：Corvalan, Alejandro; Vargas, Miguel
作者单位：University Diego Portales
摘要：This paper examines the relationship between segregation and several intensities of civil conflict. Our results are as follows. First, both ethnic segregation and language segregation exhibit a strong and robust correlation with the incidence of conflict at any intensity level; that is, from civil wars to social disorder and protests. Conversely, religious segregation does not affect any type of conflict. Second, ethnic segregation and language segregation are related to the escalation and con...
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作者：Ahlin, Christian
作者单位：Michigan State University
摘要：This paper explores group size in joint liability lending, primarily in the adverse selection framework with local borrower information. A single, standardized contract that imposes full joint liability subject to a limited liability cap is optimal. Further, if gross returns to borrowing are moderately high, this contract results in perfectly efficient lending if groups are large enough. However, raising group size accomplishes nothing if there is no local borrower information. These results s...
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作者：Aldashev, Gani; Limardi, Michela; Verdier, Thierry
作者单位：CY Cergy Paris Universite; University of Namur; Universite de Lille; Institut Polytechnique de Paris; Ecole des Ponts ParisTech; Centre for Economic Policy Research - UK
摘要：Globalization has been accompanied by rising pressure from advocacy non-governmental organizations (NGOs) on multinational firms to act in socially-responsible manner. We analyze how NGO pressure interacts with industry structure, using a simple model of NGO-firm interaction embedded in an industry environment with endogenous markups and entry. We explain three key empirical patterns in developing-country industries under activist pressure: the degree of exit under more intense activist pressu...
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作者：Magnan, Nicholas; Spielman, David J.; Lybbert, Travis J.; Gulati, Kajal
作者单位：University System of Georgia; University of Georgia; CGIAR; International Food Policy Research Institute (IFPRI); University of California System; University of California Davis
摘要：Agricultural technologies typically spread as farmers learn about profitability through social networks. This process can be nuanced, however, when net returns for some farmers may not be positive. We investigate how social learning influences demand for a resource-conserving technology in eastern Uttar Pradesh, India. We identify potential adopters through an experimental auction and randomly select a subset to adopt. We exploit this variation in adoption across networks to estimate network e...
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作者：Yuan, Cheng; Zhang, Lei
作者单位：Peking University; Shanghai Jiao Tong University
摘要：This paper documents robust evidence that increases in public spending on basic education are associated with significant reductions in household private tutoring spending in urban China. This reduction,comes primarily from the top and bottom income households, suggesting multi-dimensional demands for private tutoring. It concentrates on households with an only boy and is larger for middle-school than primary-school children. Increases in public education spending are associated with significa...
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作者：Farrin, Katie; Miranda, Mario J.
作者单位：United States Department of Agriculture (USDA); University System of Ohio; Ohio State University
摘要：Protection from downside risk is a determinant of technology uptake among subsistence agricultural households. Access to credit, insurance and savings may stimulate technology adoption where new methods are riskier but higher-yielding or require sunk costs. In this paper, we employ a dynamic, stochastic, heterogeneous agent model where farm households have access to contingent credit and make savings, technology and loan repayment choices. Our approach is novel as insurance is modeled as a mes...
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作者：Auer, Raphael A.
作者单位：Swiss National Bank (SNB)
摘要：This paper examines the cross-country income and welfare consequences of trade-induced human capital (dis-)accumulation. The model is based on heterogeneous workers who make educational decisions in the presence of complete markets. When such heterogeneous workers invest in schooling, high type agents earn a surplus from their investment. In the presence of cross-country differences in skill-augmenting technology, trade shifts this surplus to rich countries that can use skills more efficiently...
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作者：Aragon, Fernando M.
作者单位：Simon Fraser University
摘要：This paper examines the effect of an improvement in property rights on a local economy using the case of First Nations' modern treaties. These treaties are an important institutional reform that clarifies ownership of land and natural resources near Aboriginal communities. Using confidential micro-data, I find evidence of a positive impact of modern treaties on real income. The effect is driven by employment income and spreads across workers in industries not directly affected by the reform. I...
