Public education spending and private substitution in urban China
成果类型:
Article
署名作者:
Yuan, Cheng; Zhang, Lei
署名单位:
Peking University; Shanghai Jiao Tong University
刊物名称:
JOURNAL OF DEVELOPMENT ECONOMICS
ISSN/ISSBN:
0304-3878
DOI:
10.1016/j.jdeveco.2015.02.006
发表日期:
2015
页码:
124-139
关键词:
Public education spending
Household education spending
tuition
Private tutoring
urban china
摘要:
This paper documents robust evidence that increases in public spending on basic education are associated with significant reductions in household private tutoring spending in urban China. This reduction,comes primarily from the top and bottom income households, suggesting multi-dimensional demands for private tutoring. It concentrates on households with an only boy and is larger for middle-school than primary-school children. Increases in public education spending are associated with significant reduction in school tuition, which is homogeneous across households of different income levels. Changes in household spending on textbooks in response to more public education spending are modest but statistically insignificant. (C) 2015 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.