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作者：Qian, Ruoyu
作者单位：Shanghai University of Finance & Economics
摘要：This paper examines how communist propaganda affects gender norms and behavior in China. Improving women's status and promoting gender equality were significant themes of revolutionary propaganda in China from the 1950s to the 1970s. Exploiting plausibly exogenous variation resulting from topography, I find that exposure to radio broadcasts during the Cultural Revolution improved educational gender equality, and such effects were stronger in areas with weaker Confucian norms. Using individual-...
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作者：Cui, Xiaomeng; Tang, Qu
作者单位：University of Jinan
摘要：More extreme heat events are expected under climate change, posing threats to food production as well as the lives of agriculture-dependent rural households. Using a detailed panel of rural households in an agricultural region of China, we find extreme heat substantially decreases crop production and lowers households' agricultural returns. Nevertheless, the households successfully smooth their consumption contemporaneously by utilizing precautionarily saved buffers (liquid financial assets an...
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作者：Clemens, Michael A.; Mendola, Mariapia
作者单位：George Mason University; IZA Institute Labor Economics; National Center Atmospheric Research (NCAR) - USA; University of Milano-Bicocca
摘要：The economic causes and effects of migration from developing countries depend on patterns of self-selection that are difficult to observe. We estimate the degree of migrant self-selection-on both observed and unobserved determinants of income-for 99 developing countries using nationally representative survey data on 653,613 people. In low-income countries, people actively preparing to emigrate have 14 percent higher incomes explained by observed traits such as schooling, and 12 percent higher ...
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作者：Perra, Elena; Sanfilippo, Marco; Sundaram, Asha
作者单位：University of Turin; University of Auckland
摘要：We examine the impact of competition from better connectivity to domestic markets on formal and informal firms. Combining geolocalized information on road improvements under a large infrastructure investment programme with data on manufacturing firms in Ethiopia between 2001 and 2013, we show that an increase in competition is associated with higher labour productivity, capital-intensity, investment in physical capital and wages in the formal sector. On the contrary, there is no associated inc...
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作者：Howell, Anthony
作者单位：Arizona State University; Arizona State University-Tempe
摘要：This paper explores the implications for economic recovery of a rural road stimulus program in China that led to the sudden suspension of local matching mandates. The main results reveal that a temporary cost share exemption stimulates short-term income growth in treated villages. As an explanation, I find that a cost share exemption leads to larger increases on local investment mainly on allied road improvements and to a lesser extent support for rural enterprise development and agricultural ...
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作者：Mougin, Elisa
作者单位：Ecole Normale Superieure de Lyon (ENS de LYON); Ecole Normale Superieure de Lyon (ENS de LYON)
摘要：What is the impact of television during periods of political crisis? This paper examines the nullification of the 2017 presidential election in Kenya, followed by the organization of a repeat ballot, which sparked widespread protests and heightened uncertainty. Leveraging exogenous variations in television signal expansion since 2013, I assess the influence of television reception on voter turnout in both the initial and repeat ballots, as well as on electoral protests. The findings reveal tha...
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作者：Dupraz, Yannick; Simson, Rebecca
作者单位：Universite PSL; Universite Paris-Dauphine; Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS); Institut de Recherche pour le Developpement (IRD); Laboratoire dEconomie de Dauphine LEDa; University of Oxford
摘要：Is elite persistence weaker in Africa than in other parts of the world, given historical barriers to intergenerational inheritance of status, such as limited private property rights and frequent economic and political crises? In the absence of linked intergenerational data, we use name analysis to address this question. Using surnames associated with two Sierra Leonean elites, Krio descendants of settlers and members of chiefly lineages, we measure elite persistence in politics, education and ...
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作者：Kotsogiannis, Christos; Salvadori, Luca; Karangwa, John; Mukamana, Theonille
作者单位：University of Exeter; Leibniz Association; Ifo Institut; Autonomous University of Barcelona; University of Exeter; Lappeenranta-Lahti University of Technology LUT; Autonomous University of Barcelona
摘要：Making use of a unique administrative data set consisting of the universe of administrative filings in Rwanda, this paper investigates the impact of tax audits on businesses' reporting behaviour. The evidence suggests that tax audits have a positive impact on corporate income and corporate tax liabilities reported for three years after the start of the audit process. The results also suggest that the type of audit matters. While 'comprehensive' tax audits have a significant positive effect on ...
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作者：Kemper, Johanna; Renold, Ursula
作者单位：Swiss Federal Institutes of Technology Domain; ETH Zurich
摘要：This study contributes to the scarce literature in developing countries by causally analyzing the long-term impact of secondary general versus vocational education on labor market outcomes in Egypt. Our regression discontinuity design (RDD) exploits a cutoff in exam scores that tracks students in upper-secondary vocational or general education. Pooling data from the 2012 and 2018 Egypt Labor Market Panel Survey (ELMPS), we find that among male upper-secondary graduates aged 25-49 and employed ...
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作者：Tamkoc, M. Nazim
作者单位：The World Bank
摘要：I document that small plants spend a higher fraction of their output on bribery than big plants, and that non- bribe-paying plants face higher distortions compared to bribe-paying plants in T & uuml;rkiye. I develop a one-sector growth model in which size-dependent distortions, bribery opportunities, and different plant sizes coexist. In the model, plants are able to avoid distortions through bribery. The model parameters are calibrated with distortions and bribery opportunities in order to ac...
