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作者：PROPPER, C
作者单位：University of Bristol
摘要：The paper examines the demand for a privately supplied good, private medical insurance, in a market dominated by a large public supplier. It is argued that the high political visibility of the public alternative means that individual demand for private medical insurance is the outcome of two processes. The first process is one of choice set generation. The second process is that of the choice between the insurance and the no-insurance prospects. The factors affecting these processes are discus...
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作者：USATEGUI, JM
作者单位：University of Basque Country
摘要：This paper extends the theoretical analysis of the effects of unemployment insurance on the decisions of unemployed workers regarding employment and participation in the labour market. It uses a job search model that considers jobs with uncertain duration and unemployment benefits that are paid only during a finite number of periods after becoming unemployed. Separating the incentive and disincentive effects of unemployment insurance, the analysis permits us to study the impacts of several cha...
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作者：GLAZER, A; KONRAD, KA
作者单位：University of Munich
摘要：The results of a public project can change the attitudes of voters towards subsequent public projects. The dynamic inconsistency problems which arise can make voters oppose risky projects, favor projects expected to benefit a minority, and favor income redistribution.
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作者：GUSTMAN, AL; STEINMEIER, TL
作者单位：National Bureau of Economic Research; Texas Tech University System; Texas Tech University
摘要：The evidence presented in this paper casts doubt on the proposition that pension backloading is responsible for the low job mobility rates observed for pension covered workers. It corroborates earlier findings by the authors, based on different data, that pension covered jobs offer higher levels of compensation than workers can obtain elsewhere. and it is this compensation premium, rather than non-portability, that accounts for lower turnover among pension covered workers. This evidence is fur...
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作者：SANDER, W
摘要：This study examines educational outcomes in Illinois for the 1989-1990 school year. Several measures of educational attainment are analyzed including ACT scores, high school graduation rates, and the percentage in a high school planning to attend college. The most important results are that an increase in average teacher's salary increases ACT scores and the percentage college-bound rand an increase in the pupil-teacher ratio reduces the graduation rate and the percentage college-bound.
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作者：MCKEE, M; WINTROBE, R
作者单位：Western University (University of Western Ontario)
摘要：Parkinson reported observing substantial growth of administrators as organizations were declining. Such behavior has usually been considered proof of an inherent tendency for bureacracies to grow. In this paper we offer a different interpretation: expansion of administration during periods of decline is the result of promotions of line workers to administrative positions. Promotions are a means of protecting from layoff or dismissal those employees who have accumulated network capital with the...
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作者：MICHAEL, MS; HATZIPANAYOTOU, P; MILLER, SM
作者单位：University of Connecticut
摘要：The literatures on tariffs and commodity taxes have independently established sufficient conditions under which a tariff or commodity tax reform improves welfare. The present paper considers policy reforms within an integrated indirect tax structure. Given the relative inefficiency of tariffs to consumption taxes, given the existing high tariffs in less-developed countries (LDCs), and given the LDCs' need to raise certain revenue from indirect taxation, we identify conditions under which decre...
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作者：HOLMLUND, B; LINDEN, J
摘要：The paper presents a theoretical analysis of the macroeconomic effects of temporary public employment programs ('relief jobs'). The framework is a matching model where wages are determined by Nash bargains between individual firms and workers. Public employment programs have a direct job placement effect which tends to reduce unemployment. There is also an effect on wage pressure, the direction of this effect hinges on whether the programs are aimed at increasing unemployment outflow or reduci...
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作者：ARNOTT, R; KRAUS, M
作者单位：Boston College
摘要：In recent years, a new set of models drawing on Vickrey (1969) has been developed to analyze the economics of congestible facilities. These models are structural in that they derive the cost function from consumers' time-of-use decisions and the congestion technology. Standard models, in contrast, simply assume the general form of the cost function. We apply the new approach to analyze the Ramsey problem for a congestible facility, and show that the solution generally entails cost inefficiency...
