-
作者：DEBARTOLOME, CAM
作者单位：New York University
摘要：I explore the household weights in the Bergson-Samuelson social welfare functions which have a turning point at an efficient linear tax structure (the inverse optima). A tax structure is defined to be inequitable if every inverse optimum has weights that increase with household productivity over part of the productivity range. I find that the inequity of an efficient tax structure depends on the normality of leisure, on the number of households, and on the nature of household demands. An effic...
-
作者：GROSSMAN, HI; NOH, SJ
作者单位：Hallym University
摘要：We develop a positive theory of public finance in which the objective of tax and spending policy is to extract rents for the incumbent ruler. The analysis shows how dependence of the incumbent ruler's survival probability on his tax and spending policy can lower the equilibrium tax rate and increase the equilibrium amount of spending on productive public services, but only until the minimum credible tax rate, which depends on the ruler's endogenous survival probability, becomes a binding const...
-
作者：LUSKI, I; WETTSTEIN, D
作者单位：Ben-Gurion University of the Negev; Ben-Gurion University of the Negev; Western University (University of Western Ontario)
摘要：This paper considers an economy where a public good is provided via advertising. The consumers' preferences are represented using the 'characteristics' approach', and the advertising has a potentially enhancing effect on the characteristics' content of a given commodity. We define competitive equilibria and show they exist. The welfare properties of the resulting allocations are analyzed, and conditions for over- and under-production of the public good are provided.
-
作者：WERNER, IM
摘要：Distortionary proportional capital income taxation is shown to cause both static effects via portfolio re-allocation and dynamic effects via changes in the value of a claim to future transfers as well as via perceived changes in the future investment opportunity set. The stochastic structure of returns to investment is important for understanding the consequences of a unilateral increase in the domestic tax rate. A government choosing optimal tax policy makes a tradeoff between the increase in...
-
作者：GORDON, RH; MACKIEMASON, JK
摘要：Income from corporate and noncorporate firms is treated very differently under the tax law. In theory, given existing tax law, the noncorporate sector should consist of very profitable firms owned by low-tax-bracket investors and firms with tax losses owned by high-tax-bracket investors. But the degree to which firms change their form of organization in response to taxes, and the resulting excess burden, depends as well on nontax factors. Given the role of taxes, we estimate what size the nont...
-
作者：HELSLEY, RW; STRANGE, WC
摘要：This paper develops a model of exclusion and property rights. Consumers choose between legal and illegal use. A monopoly provider chooses a price for legal use, a fine for illegal use, and a level of monitoring to detect illegal use. This model features a continuum of exclusion regimes, instead of only the poles of private and public provision, as is typical. Since the necessity of enforcing property rights creates two classes of users, the provider is forced to price discriminate. Furthermore...
-
作者：SLEMROD, J; YITZHAKI, S; MAYSHAR, J; LUNDHOLM, M
作者单位：Hebrew University of Jerusalem
摘要：We investigate two-bracket piecewise linear income tax structures. In a two-class economy, Pareto-efficient tax schedules of this type feature at least one marginal tax rate equal to zero, and that the marginal tax rate may be increasing and declining. We then investigate the optimal structure of taxation when the social welfare function, utility function and distribution of abilities are characterized as in the standard optimal linear income tax problem. In all cases the second marginal tax r...
-
作者：FULLERTON, D; KARAYANNIS, M
摘要：The efficiency cost of capital misallocations between the corporate sector and the noncorporate sector is typically measured using statutory tax differences. Corporate-source income tax compliance is high because of third party reporting, however, while noncorporate rental income tax compliance is low. Differential evasion thus exacerbates statutory differences and enlarges the efficiency cost. To measure this effect, we build a numerical general equilibrium model where households simultaneous...
-
作者：HOFF, K
摘要：This paper interprets many results from the literature on incentive compatibility and cost-benefit analysis as illustrations of a second theorem of the second best. The theorem states that if there exists any restriction on transactions required for first-best efficiency, then there is no presumption that a social welfare maximum entails equal marginal social utilities of income across individuals. One reason is that incentive constraints shift with redistributions of wealth, so that redistrib...
-
作者：GENTRY, WM
作者单位：National Bureau of Economic Research
摘要：Publicly Traded Partnerships (PTPs), also known as Master Limited Partnerships, are similar to U.S. corporations, yet they are not subject to corporate taxes. Given their mixture of corporate and partnership characteristics, PTPs provide an experiment for studying taxation and firm financial decisions. This paper compares the financial structure and dividend policies of PTPs and corporations in the oil and gas exploration industry. The results are consistent with hypotheses about taxes and fin...
