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作者：Lundborg, P; Skedinger, P
作者单位：Research Institute of Industrial Economics (IFN)
摘要：Theoretical studies have shown that capital gains taxes in the housing market may create lock-in effects, but, so far, no empirical evidence has been presented regarding the size of these effects. For a panel of Swedish house owners in 1984-1990, we show that lock-in effects only appear for households with income reductions; the size of these lock-in effects crucially depends on the magnitude of the income loss. The theoretical model and features of the Swedish tax system imply that lock-in ef...
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作者：Eijffinger, SCW; Huizinga, HP; Lemmen, JJG
作者单位：Tilburg University; University of London; London School Economics & Political Science
摘要：This paper examines the incidence of nonresident interest withholding taxes in the international 3-month Treasury-bill market and the international 5-year government bond market. The approach is one of pooled cross-section, time-series regressions. The evidence suggests that the yields on national Treasury-bills and on 5-year government bonds fully reflect the nonresident interest withholding taxes imposed on American or Japanese investors. Nonresident interest withholding taxes on short-term ...
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作者：McLaren, J
作者单位：Columbia University
摘要：In a simple model of endogenous primary-commodity price-support policy, (i) policy is affected by private inventories, and (ii) private inventories are affected by speculative attempts to forecast policy. The interaction between these two forces is rich, yielding bubbles and extrinsic volatility, thus helping to explain some odd episodes observed in commodity markets. In addition, under some conditions a government that wishes to support the price but is unable to commit to future action may b...
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作者：Lee, K
作者单位：University System of Maryland; Towson University
摘要：This paper considers income redistribution in a federal system where regions experience random shacks. Federal redistribution serves as insurance against jurisdiction-specific shocks, but provides a uniform assistance to the poor and cannot suit individual jurisdictions' demands for redistribution, consequently, whether the federal government should redistribute depends on the advantage of pooling the risk and the disadvantage of compromising different preferences for redistribution. With mobi...
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作者：Moffitt, R; Ribar, D; Wilhelm, M
作者单位：Johns Hopkins University; National Bureau of Economic Research; George Washington University; Purdue University System; Purdue University; Purdue University in Indianapolis
摘要：Welfare benefits in the U.S. have experienced a much-studied secular decline since the mid-1970s. We explore a new hypothesis for this decline related to the increase in wage inequality in the labor market and the decline of real wages at the bottom of the distribution: we posit that voters prefer benefits which are tied to low-skilled wages. We test the hypothesis using a 1969-1992 panel of state-level data. An additional contribution of our analysis is the use of General Social Survey data o...
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作者：Bovenberg, AL; Gordon, R
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作者：Feldstein, M; Wrobel, MV
作者单位：National Bureau of Economic Research; ABT Associates
摘要：The evidence presented in this paper supports the basic theoretical presumption that state and local governments cannot redistribute income. Since individuals can avoid unfavorable taxes by migrating to jurisdictions that offer more favorable tax conditions, a relatively unfavorable tax will cause gross wages to adjust until the resulting net wage is equal to that available elsewhere. The current empirical findings go beyond confirming this long-run tendency and show that gross wages adjust ra...
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作者：Hilmer, MJ
作者单位：University of Louisville
摘要：This paper examines the effect that post-secondary fees have on a potential student's decision to start his or her college education at a university or a community college. A theoretical model demonstrates that the student's decision follows a natural ordering that depends on his or her probability of graduation. Based on this natural ordering, ordered probit is used to estimate the effect of interstate variation in fees on student attendance. The results indicate that the own-price effects of...
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作者：Sandmo, A
作者单位：Norwegian School of Economics (NHH)
摘要：Discussions of the marginal cost of public funds with distortionary taxation are often cast in the framework of a one-consumer economy, while the main justification of distortionary taxes is that they are needed for redistribution. This paper analyzes the issue in a model with heterogeneous consumers and a linear income tax, focusing on the tradeoff between labour market distortions and the redistribution from high-wage to low-wage workers. In an optimal tax system the MCF will be the same for...
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作者：Payne, AA
作者单位：University of Toronto
摘要：During the 1980s, government grants to non-profit organizations declined dramatically and the price of private donations increased. Given there are different costs associated with government grants and private donations to non-profits, it is important to study the relationship between these two sources and determine whether government grants 'crowd-out' private donations. I take a fresh look at the issue of crowd-out and improve upon the literature by exploiting a panel data set that links pri...
