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作者：Doyle, Joseph J.
作者单位：Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT); National Bureau of Economic Research
摘要：This paper uses a reform in Illinois that reduced the monthly subsidy offered to relatives asked to provide foster care as a plausibly exogenous change in the cost of caring for related children. Families offered a 30% lower wage were 15% less likely to provide care, with especially large declines for children who require mental health services, infants and teenagers. One innovation is a sample selection model that uses the foster care placement tendency of child protection investigators to pr...
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作者：Hernandez, Monica; Pudney, Stephen
作者单位：University of Essex; University of Sheffield
摘要：We consider the problem of modeling welfare participation when measurement error may affect simulated welfare entitlement. We identify a flaw in past implementations of the ML approach and develop a more appropriate ML approach. A model of welfare participation is estimated for British pensioners, linking the probability of participation to the value of benefit entitlement, incorporating the nonlinear rule relating entitlement to the household's income and financial assets. The model is used t...
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作者：Krashinsky, Harry
作者单位：University of Toronto
摘要：Income-maximizing consumers should vote in predictable ways: support for liberal, redistributive governments should fall as income rises. But weak empirical evidence for these voting patterns might suggest that voters are influenced by alternative factors, such as perceptions of social mobility from within-family learning. To examine these effects, this paper uses a data set of twins and a recently-developed econometric approach to show that within-family learning and family-specific effects a...
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作者：Flipo, Anne; Fougere, Denis; Olier, Lucile
作者单位：Institut Polytechnique de Paris; ENSAE Paris; Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)
摘要：Our paper examines the impact of tax reductions on the demand for services in the home. For that purpose, we estimate a structural model of demand for such services by using household individual data collected by INSEE (Paris) in 1996. In this model, the net hourly wage paid to the domestic employee, the household preferences for consumption of in-home services and the decision to take advantage of the tax reduction are considered as endogenous variables. Estimation of the econometric model us...
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作者：Lind, Jo Thori
作者单位：University of Oslo
摘要：I study the effect of voters with a group-based social conscience. Voters care more about the well-being of those belonging to their own group than the rest of the population. Within a model of political tax determination, both fractionalization and group antagonism reduce the support for redistribution. Whereas within group inequality increases support for redistribution, inequality between groups has the opposite effect. These results hold even if a poor group forms a majority. Using a panel...
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作者：Bourgeon, Jean-Marc; Picard, Pierre
作者单位：Institut Polytechnique de Paris; Ecole Polytechnique; Hautes Etudes Commerciales (HEC) Paris; Institut Polytechnique de Paris; Ecole Polytechnique; INRAE
摘要：Many countries now issue driving licences where traffic violations are recorded through a point system, even though implementation varies among countries and even within a country. Depriving offenders of their licence is a non-monetary sanction that allows the government to incapacitate dangerous individuals and that also deters most drivers from infringing the law. We investigate the desirable features of point-record licence mechanisms and, in particular, whether drivers should be allowed to...
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作者：Milligan, Kevin; Stabile, Mark
作者单位：University of British Columbia; University of Toronto; University of Toronto
摘要：In 1998, the Canadian government introduced a new child tax credit. The innovation in the program was its integration with social assistance (welfare). Some provinces agreed to subtract the new federally-paid benefits from provincially-paid social assistance, partially lowering the welfare wall. Other provinces did not integrate benefits, providing a quasi-experimental framework for estimation. We find large changes in social assistance take-up and employment in provinces that provided the lab...
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作者：Dellis, Arnaud
作者单位：University of Hawaii System; University of Hawaii Manoa
摘要：Delays in the adoption of reforms is an important question in political economics. This paper explores this issue in the context of a representative democracy where the government is a coalition and citizens observe neither the decision-making process, nor politicians' preferences for a reform. We show that a coalition member who favors a reform may nonetheless choose to veto its adoption (thus delaying it until after the next election) and let his coalition partners share the blame for the no...
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作者：Dehejia, Rajeev; DeLeire, Thomas; Luttmer, Erzo F. P.
作者单位：Harvard University; Tufts University; National Bureau of Economic Research; Michigan State University; Congressional Budget Office
摘要：This paper examines whether involvement with religious organizations can help insure consumption and happiness. Using data from the Consumer Expenditure Survey (CEX), we find that households who contribute to a religious organization are better able to insure their consumption against income shocks. Using the National Survey of Families and Households (NSFH), we find that individuals who attend religious services are better able to insure their happiness against income shocks. Overall, our res...
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作者：Pancs, Romans; Vriend, Nicolaas J.
作者单位：University of London; Stanford University
摘要：Schelling [Schelling, T.C., 1969. Models of Segregation. American Economic Review, Papers and Proceedings, 59, 488-493, Schelling, T.C., 1971a. Dynamic Models of Segregation. Journal of Mathematical Sociology, 1 (2), 143-186, Schelling, T.C., 1971b. On the Ecology of Micromotives. The Public Interest, 25, 61-98, Schelling, T.C., 1978. Micromotives and Macrobehavior. New York: Norton.] presented a microeconomic model showing how an integrated city could unravel to a rather segregated city, notw...
