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作者：Aaberge, Rolf; Mogstad, Magne; Peragine, Vito
作者单位：Statistics Norway; University of Oslo; Universita degli Studi di Bari Aldo Moro
摘要：In this paper, we introduce a new family of rank-dependent measures of inequality and social welfare; consistent with the equality of opportunity (EOp) principle. The proposed framework can be used to measure long-term as well as short-term EOp, depending on whether we let permanent income or snapshots of income form the basis of the analysis. Furthermore, it allows for both an ex-ante and an ex-post approach to EOp. There is long-term ex-post inequality of opportunity if individuals who exert...
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作者：Anderson, Gordon; Crawford, Ian; Leicester, Andrew
作者单位：University of Oxford; University of Toronto
摘要：Economic and social welfare is inherently multidimensional. However, choosing a measure which combines several indicators is difficult and may have unintendend and undesirable effects on the incentives of policy makers. We develop a nonparametric empirical method for deriving welfare rankings for a social planner based on data envelopment, which avoids the need to specify a weighting scheme. We apply this method to data on Human Development. (C) 2010 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
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作者：Cubitt, Robin P.; Drouvelis, Michalis; Gaechter, Simon; Kabalin, Ruslan
作者单位：University of Nottingham; University of Birmingham; Lancaster University
摘要：In the last thirty years. economists and other social scientists have investigated people's normative views on distributive justice. Here we study people's normative views in social dilemmas, which underlie many situations of economic and social significance. Using insights from moral philosophy and psychology we provide an analysis of the morality of free riding. We use experimental survey methods to investigate people's moral judgments empirically. We vary others' contributions, the framing ...
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作者：Bhalotra, Sonia; Rawlings, Samantha B.
作者单位：University of Bristol
摘要：This paper is motivated to investigate the often neglected payoff to investments in the health of girls and women in terms of next generation outcomes. This paper investigates the intergenerational persistence of health across time and region as well as across the distribution of maternal health. It uses comparable microdata on as many as 2.24 million children born of about 0.6 million mothers in 38 developing countries in the 31 year period, 1970-2000. Mother's health is indicated by her heig...
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作者：Duclos, Jean-Yves; Sahn, David E.; Younger, Stephen D.
作者单位：Laval University; Laval University; Laval University; Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Cientificas (CSIC); CSIC - Institut d'Analisi Economica (IAE); Cornell University; Ithaca College
摘要：The paper investigates how comparisons of multivariate inequality can be made robust to varying the intensity of focus on the share of the population that are more relatively deprived. It is in the spirit of Sen (1970)'s partial orderings and follows the dominance approach to making inequality comparisons. By focusing on those below a multidimensional inequality frontier, we are able to reconcile the literature on multivariate relative poverty and multivariate inequality. Some existing approac...
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作者：Anand, Paul
作者单位：Open University - UK; University of Oxford
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作者：Muller, Christophe; Trannoy, Alain
作者单位：Aix-Marseille Universite
摘要：This paper proposes a dominance approach to study inequality of well-being across countries. We consider a class of well-being indices based on the three attributes used in the HDI (Human Development Index). Indices are required to satisfy: preference for egalitarian marginal distributions of income, health and education. ALEP substitution of attributes and priority to poor countries in allocating funds to enhance health and education. We exhibit sufficient conditions for checking dominance ov...
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作者：Anand, Paul; Krishnakumar, Jaya; Ngoc Bich Tran
作者单位：University of Geneva; University of Oxford; Open University - UK; Universite de Toulouse; Universite Toulouse 1 Capitole; Toulouse School of Economics
摘要：The paper contributes to the operationalisation of the capabilities approach to welfare economics by developing and analyzing data on the freedoms of adults in Argentina. Specifically, it reports on the development and delivery of a survey instrument for measuring capabilities, calculates for each respondent a Nehring-Puppe type index of capabilities and examines the distribution of index scores. The main analytic part of the paper then goes on to develop a generalized linear latent and mixed ...
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作者：Becchetti, Leonardo; Conzo, Pierluigi
作者单位：University of Rome Tor Vergata
摘要：Creditworthiness and trustworthiness are almost synonyms because, under asymmetric information, the act of conferring a loan has the indirect effect of signaling the trustworthiness of the borrower. We test the creditworthiness/trustworthiness nexus in an investment game experiment on a sample of participants/nonparticipants in a microfinance program in Argentina and find that trustors give significantly more to (and believe they will receive more from) microfinance borrowers. The first- and s...
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作者：Caliendo, Marco; Kuenn, Steffen
作者单位：IZA Institute Labor Economics; Free University of Berlin; Leibniz Association; DIW Berlin - Deutsches Institut fur Wirtschaftsforschung
摘要：Turning unemployment into self-employment has become an increasingly important part of active labor market policies (ALMP) in many OECD countries. Germany is a good example where the spending on start-up subsidies for the unemployed accounted for nearly 17% of the total spending on ALMP in 2004. In contrast to other programs like vocational training, job creation schemes, or wage subsidies the empirical evidence on the effectiveness of such schemes is still scarce: especially regarding long-te...
