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作者：Gottschalk, P; Moffitt, R
作者单位：Boston College; Johns Hopkins University
摘要：This article provides evidence on changes in short-term job instability and insecurity using the Survey of Income and Program Participation, Monthly measures from this data set are contrasted with annual measures from the Survey of Income and Program Participation and the Panel Study of Income Dynamics. Neither data set shows an increase in job turnover during the 1980s and 1990s. We also examine indicators of increased insecurity. These include the probability that a job ends involuntarily, i...
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作者：Lazear, EP
作者单位：Stanford University; Stanford University
摘要：In 1987, the Journal of Labor Economics published an issue on the economics of personnel. Since then, personnel economics, defined as the application of labor economics principles to business issues, has become a major part of labor economics, now accounting for a substantial proportion of papers in this and other journals. Much of the work in personnel economics has been theoretical, in large part because the data needed to test these theories have not been available. In recent years, a numbe...
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作者：Farber, HS
作者单位：Princeton University
摘要：I examine the extent to which workers who lose jobs obtain work in alternative employment arrangements, including temporary work and independent contracting, and obtain voluntary or involuntary part-time work. I find that job losers are significantly more likely than nonlosers to be in both temporary jobs (including on-call work and contract work) and involuntarily part-time jobs. I also find evidence that temporary and involuntary part-time jobs are part of a transitional process subsequent t...
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作者：Dickens, R; Machin, S; Manning, A
作者单位：University of London; London School Economics & Political Science; University of London; University College London
摘要：Recent work on the economic effects of minimum wages has stressed that the standard economic model, where increases in minimum wages depress employment, is not supported by empirical work in some labor markets. We present a general theoretical model whereby employers have some degree of monopsony power, which allows minimum wages to have the conventional negative impact on employment but which also allows for a neutral or positive impact. Studying the industry-based British Wages Councils betw...
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作者：Jaeger, DA; Stevens, AH
作者单位：City University of New York (CUNY) System; Hunter College (CUNY); Princeton University; Yale University
摘要：This article considers whether two commonly used sources of information on employer tenure, the Panel Study of Income Dynamics and the Current Population Survey, yield systematically different trends in employer tenure. Little evidence of a discrepancy between the data sets in the 1980s or 1990s is found when comparable samples, variable definitions, and time frames are used. Neither data set shows a significant trend in the share of workers with 1 year or less of tenure, while both data sets ...
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作者：Eriksson, T
作者单位：Aarhus University
摘要：This article adds to the empirical literature on tournament theory as a cheery of executive compensation. I test several propositions of tournament models on a rich data set containing information about 2,600 executives in 210 Danish firms during a 4-year period. I ask, Are pay differentials between job levels consistent with relative compensation? Is pay dispersion between levels higher in noisy environments? Is the dispersion affected by the number of tournament participants? Is average pay ...
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作者：Bernhardt, A; Morris, M; Handcock, MS; Scott, MA
作者单位：Pennsylvania Commonwealth System of Higher Education (PCSHE); Pennsylvania State University; Pennsylvania State University - University Park
摘要：Data and measurement problems have complicated the debate over trends in job instability in the United States. We compare two cohorts of young white men from the National Longitudinal Surveys (NLS), construct a rigorous measure of job change, and confirm earlier findings of a significant increase in job instability. We then benchmark the NLS against other main data sets in the field and conduct a thorough attrition analysis. Extending the analysis to wages, we find that the wage returns to job...
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作者：Moen, ER
摘要：Study workers' incentives to invest in general human capital (education) in the presence of search-induced unemployment. Workers queue for jobs, and firms prefer to hire the most productive applicants because of rent sharing. As a result, an unemployed worker's ranking relative to other job seekers will influence his job-finding rate. This creates a rat race, where workers invest in education partly in order to achieve a better ranking. In equilibrium, identical workers may have incentives to ...
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作者：Albrecht, JW; Vroman, SB
作者单位：Georgetown University
摘要：This article examines the effects of unemployment compensation finance in a labor market in which firms pay efficiency wages. Two self-financing unemployment compensation systems are compared: one in which benefits are financed by a proportional payroll tax and another in which experience rating is introduced by taxing firms in proportion to their separations. We find that experience rating leads to less unemployment, less shirking, and higher output.
