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作者：Bronchetti, Erin Todd
摘要：This paper investigates the consumption-smoothing benefits of state workers' compensation (WC) programs. These programs are among the largest and most controversial forms of social insurance, with the putative purpose of supporting families affected by unexpected income shocks due to workplace injuries and illnesses. Using Health and Retirement Study (HRS) data for a sample of workers who have experienced a work-related, work-limiting disability, I find that a 10% increase in WC benefit genero...
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作者：Gustman, Alan L.; Steinmeier, Thomas L.
作者单位：Dartmouth College; National Bureau of Economic Research; Texas Tech University System; Texas Tech University
摘要：This paper constructs a structural retirement model with hyperbolic preferences and uses it to estimate the effect of several potential Social Security policy changes. Estimated effects of policies are compared using two models, one with hyperbolic preferences and one with standard exponential preferences. Sophisticated hyperbolic discounters may accumulate substantial amounts of wealth for retirement. We find it is frequently difficult to distinguish empirically between models with the two ty...
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作者：Hairault, Jean-Olivier; Langot, Francois; Menard, Sebastien; Sopraseuth, Thepthida
作者单位：heSam Universite; Universite Pantheon-Sorbonne; Le Mans Universite
摘要：This paper studies the optimal unemployment insurance for older workers in a repeated principal-agent model, where the search intensity of risk-averse workers (the agents) is not observed by the risk-neutral insurance agency (the principal). When unemployment benefits are the only available tool, the insurance agency is not able to induce older workers to search for a job. This is because of the short time-horizon of workers close to retirement. We propose to introduce a pension tax dependent ...
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作者：Jackson, C. Kirabo
作者单位：Northwestern University; National Bureau of Economic Research
摘要：I analyze changes in teacher turnover, hiring, effectiveness, and salaries at traditional public schools after the opening of a nearby charter school. While I find small effects on turnover overall, difficult to staff schools (low-income, high-minority share) hired fewer new teachers and experienced small declines in teacher quality. I also find evidence of a demand side response where schools increased teacher compensation to better retain quality teachers. The results are robust across a var...
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作者：Di Tella, Rafael; Galiani, Sebastian; Schargrodsky, Ernesto
作者单位：Harvard University; National Bureau of Economic Research; Washington University (WUSTL); Universidad Torcuato Di Tella
摘要：Argentina privatized most public utilities during the 1990s but re-nationalized the main water company in 2006. We study beliefs about the benefits of the privatization of water services measured immediately after the 2006 nationalization. Negative opinions about privatization prevail. We find that reality can change beliefs: people who had first-hand experience observing the investments made by the privatized company have a better opinion of water privatization (relative to other privatizatio...
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作者：Messner, Matthias; Polborn, Mattias K.
作者单位：Bocconi University; University of Illinois System; University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign
摘要：We consider a model in which voters over time receive more information about their preferences concerning an irreversible social decision. Voters can either implement the project in the first period, or they can postpone the decision to the second period. We analyze the effects of different majority rules. Individual first period voting behavior may become less conservative under supermajority rules, and it is even possible that a project is implemented in the first period under a supermajorit...
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作者：Bjorklund, Anders; Roine, Jesper; Waldenstrom, Daniel
作者单位：Stockholm University; IZA Institute Labor Economics; Maastricht University; Stockholm School of Economics; Uppsala University
摘要：This paper presents new evidence on intergenerational mobility at the top of the income and earnings distributions. Using a large dataset of matched father-son pairs in Sweden, we find that intergenerational transmission is very strong at the top, more so for income than for earnings. At the extreme top (top 0.1%) income transmission is remarkable with an intergenerational elasticity of approximately 0.9. We also study potential transmission mechanisms and find that IQ non-cognitive skills and...
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作者：Galbiati, Roberto; Zanella, Giulio
作者单位：University of Bologna; Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)
摘要：We estimate social externalities of tax evasion in a model where congestion of the auditing resources of local tax authorities generates a social multiplier. Identification is based on a contrast of the variance of tax evasion at different levels of aggregation. We use a unique data set that contains audits of about 80,000 small businesses and professionals in Italy and also provides an exact measure of reference groups in our model. We find a social multiplier of about 3, which means that the...
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作者：Leturcq, Marion
作者单位：Universite Catholique Louvain
摘要：Although the tax system is not marriage neutral in many countries, it has been found to be only slightly significant in determining marriage decisions (Buffeteau and Echevin, 2003: Alm and Whittington, 1995). This paper tests whether the tax system can alter the decision to contract a civil union, which is less binding than a marital contract. In 1999, France introduced civil union (pacs) as an alternative legal union to marriage. I assess the impact of taxation on the decision to contract a p...
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作者：Banzhaf, H. Spencer; Chupp, B. Andrew
作者单位：University System of Georgia; Georgia State University; National Bureau of Economic Research; Illinois State University
摘要：The economics of fiscal federalism has identified two book-end departures from first-best provision of a public good. Local governments may respond to local conditions, but ignore inter-jurisdictional spillovers. Alternatively, central governments may internalize spillovers, but impose uniform incentives ignoring local heterogeneity. We provide a simple model that demonstrates that the choice of pricing policy also depends crucially on a third factor, the shape of marginal costs of providing t...
