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作者：Kandel, E; Simhon, A
作者单位：Hebrew University of Jerusalem
摘要：We present a model in which unemployed workers simultaneously sample n potential employers. By varying n, we nest search and Walrasian-type models of the labor market. We show that low values of n yield typical search equilibria: the wages are dispersed below the marginal productivity of labor. Interestingly, as n exceeds a relatively small threshold, the Walrasian-type equilibrium emerges with the competitive wage quoted by all firms. For intermediate values of n, the equilibrium is a hybrid ...
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作者：Lam, KC; Liu, PW
作者单位：Hong Kong Baptist University; Chinese University of Hong Kong
摘要：From 1981 to 1991 the mean earnings of immigrants fell further behind those of natives in Hong Kong, with the earnings gap widening from 11.3% to 25.5%. Earnings divergence of this magnitude is rather unusual among countries that receive many immigrants. We show that earnings divergence in Hong Kong is mainly due to divergence between skill prices for immigrants' education and for natives' education. Intertemporal shift in the demand for skills caused by economic restructuring in Hong Kong has...
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作者：Edwards, LN; Field-Hendrey, E
作者单位：City University of New York (CUNY) System; City University of New York (CUNY) System; Queens College NY (CUNY)
摘要：Home-based work differs from other employment because the work site is the home itself. This difference means that the fixed costs of working at home are less than the fixed costs of working on site and that home-based workers may engage in joint market and household production. Using data from the 1990 Census, we find that home-based work is an attractive option for women for whom the fixed costs of work are high-women who have small children, are disabled, or live in rural areas-and that hom...
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作者：Andersson, F
作者单位：Lund University
摘要：A two-period, career-concerns model with symmetric information but uncertainty about each worker's ability is analyzed. Contracts are unobservable, but incomes are observable. It is shown that effort is distorted upward by contracts being unobservable and that the distortion depends positively on turnover.
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作者：Taylor, BA; Trogdon, JG
作者单位：Baylor University; Duke University
摘要：The focus of tournament models has been rank-order compensation schemes whereby participants receive higher payments for higher relative performance, either incrementally or winner-takes-all. Our research focuses on a unique tournament that offers rewards for both winning and losing, specifically the National Basketball Association's regularly scheduled season of games. We examine three NBA seasons to determine whether team performance responded to changes in the underlying tournament incentiv...
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作者：Gould, ED
作者单位：Hebrew University of Jerusalem
摘要：This study uses a model of comparative advantage to model the choice of workers into three broad occupations. The pursuit of comparative advantage is shown to reduce the level of inequality from what would occur in a random assignment of workers into occupations. However, after pricing the skills of workers separately within occupations, the results indicate that the sectors are becoming more similar in the way that they value workers' skills, thus reducing the importance of comparative advant...
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作者：Zábojník, J
作者单位：University of Southern California; Queens University - Canada
摘要：This article identifies a new type of cost associated with centralization. If workers are liquidity constrained, it may be less costly to motivate a worker who is allowed to work on his own idea than a worker who is forced to follow the manager's idea. Thus, it may be optimal to let workers decide on the method for doing their job even if managers have better information. This conclusion holds even if more general contracts are considered that are based on communication of information between ...
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作者：Hunt, J
作者单位：Universite de Montreal
摘要：The gender wage gap in East Germany has narrowed by 10 percentage points in transition, but women have experienced much more severe employment difficulties than men. Using the German Socio-Economic Panel for 1990-94, I show that on balance women have lost relative to men. Almost half the relative wage gain is due to exits from employment of the low skilled, who are disproportionately women. The female employment decline is not primarily voluntary: more than half the gender gap in the hazard ra...
