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作者：Barron, John M.; Berger, Mark C.; Black, Dan A.
作者单位：Purdue University System; Purdue University; Syracuse University
摘要：The existence of counteroffers can lead to a variety of important labor-market features. This article develops a model of the selective use of counteroffers in which a firm decides whether to extend counteroffers after a worker informs the firm of an alternative offer. We outline factors that can influence the employer's net value of making a counteroffer and, thus, affect the likelihood of a counteroffer. We provide a new empirical analysis that examines whether proxies for these factors do, ...
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作者：Kenkel, Donald; Lillard, Dean; Mathios, Alan
作者单位：Cornell University; National Bureau of Economic Research
摘要：We analyze data from the National Longitudinal Survey of Youth 1979 on high school completion, smoking, and obesity. First, we investigate whether GED recipients differ from other high school graduates in their smoking and obesity behaviors. Second, we explore whether the relationships between schooling and these health-related behaviors are sensitive to controlling for background and ability measures. Third, we estimate instrumental variables models. Our results suggest that the returns to hi...
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作者：Bollinger, Christopher R.; Hirsch, Barry T.
作者单位：University of Kentucky; Trinity University
摘要：This article examines match bias arising from earnings imputation. Wage equation parameters are estimated from mixed samples of workers reporting and not reporting earnings, the latter assigned earnings of donors. Regressions including attributes not used as imputation match criteria ( e. g., union) are severely biased. Match bias also arises with attributes used as match criteria but matched imperfectly. Imperfect matching on schooling ( age) flattens earnings profiles within education ( age)...
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作者：Dyke, Andrew; Heinrich, Carolyn J.; Mueser, Peter R.; Troske, Kenneth R.; Jeon, Kyung-Seong
作者单位：University of Wisconsin System; University of Wisconsin Madison; University of Missouri System; University of Missouri Columbia; University of Kentucky
摘要：Studies examining welfare-to-work program effectiveness present mixed and sometimes discrepant findings, partly due to research design, data, and methodological limitations. Using administrative data on Missouri and North Carolina welfare recipients, we substantially improve on past estimation approaches to identify the distinct effects of each state's welfare-to-work subprograms-assessment, job search assistance and job readiness training, and more intensive programs designed to augment human...
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作者：Heckman, James J.; Stixrud, Jora; Urzua, Sergio
作者单位：University of Chicago; University College Dublin
摘要：This article establishes that a low-dimensional vector of cognitive and noncognitive skills explains a variety of labor market and behavioral outcomes. Our analysis addresses the problems of measurement error, imperfect proxies, and reverse causality that plague conventional studies. Noncognitive skills strongly influence schooling decisions and also affect wages, given schooling decisions. Schooling, employment, work experience, and choice of occupation are affected by latent noncognitive and...
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作者：Baicker, Katherine; Chandra, Amitabh
作者单位：University of California System; University of California Los Angeles; National Bureau of Economic Research; Harvard University; National Bureau of Economic Research
摘要：We estimate the effect of rising health insurance premiums on wages, employment, and the distribution of part-time and full-time work using variation in medical malpractice payments driven by the recent medical malpractice crisis. We estimate that a 10% increase in health insurance premiums reduces the aggregate probability of being employed by 1.2 percentage points, reduces hours worked by 2.4%, and increases the likelihood that a worker is employed only part time by 1.9 percentage points. Fo...
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作者：Black, Dan A.; Smith, Jeffrey A.
作者单位：Syracuse University; University of Chicago; University of Michigan System; University of Michigan
摘要：Existing studies of the effects of college quality on wages typically rely on a single proxy variable for college quality. This study questions the wisdom of using a single proxy given that it likely contains substantial measurement error. We consider four econometric approaches to the problem that involve the use of multiple proxies for college quality: factor analysis, instruments variables, a method recently proposed by Lubotsky and Wittenberg, and a GMM estimator. Our estimates suggest tha...
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作者：Hotz, V. Joseph; Imbens, Guido W.; Klerman, Jacob A.
作者单位：University of California System; University of California Los Angeles; University of California System; University of California Berkeley
摘要：We show how data from an evaluation in which subjects are randomly assigned to some treatment versus a control group can be combined with nonexperimental methods to estimate the differential effects of alternative treatments. We propose tests for the validity of these methods. We use these methods and tests to analyze the differential effects of labor force attachment (LFA) versus human capital development (HCD) training components with data from California's Greater Avenues to Independence (G...
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作者：Heckman, James J.; LaFontaine, Paul A.
作者单位：University of Chicago
摘要：Using three sources of data, this article examines the direct economic return to General Educational Development (GED) certification for both native and immigrant high school dropouts. One data source the Current Population Survey (CPS)-is plagued by nonresponse and allocation bias from the hot deck procedure that biases the estimated return to the GED upward. Correcting for allocation bias and ability bias, there is no direct economic return to GED certification. An apparent return to GED cer...
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作者：Johnson, William R.; Ziliak, James P.
作者单位：University of Virginia; University of Kentucky
