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作者：Gudgeon, Matthew; Trenkle, Simon
作者单位：Tufts University; IZA Institute Labor Economics
摘要：This paper studies the speed at which workers' pretax earnings respond to tax changes along the intensive margin. We do so in the context of Germany, where a large notch in the tax schedule induces sharp bunching in the earnings distribution. We analyze earnings responses to two policy reforms that shift this notch outward and find clear evidence that frictions delay the earnings responses of more than 38% of workers. We propose that heterogeneity in firm labor demand plays a key role in gener...
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作者：Riehl, Evan
作者单位：Cornell University
摘要：This paper asks whether reducing the informativeness of college admission exams reduces inequality in postcollege earnings. I examine a 2000 reform of the Colombian college admission exam that sought to reduce bias in scores. The reform reduced test score gaps between high- and low-income students by nearly 50% in some subjects, but it also decreased the exam's predictive power for abilities that matter in college. I find that the reform caused students to attend colleges where they were more ...
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作者：Bell, Alex; Hedin, T. J.; Schnorr, Geoffrey; von Wachter, Till
作者单位：University of California System; University of California Los Angeles; University of California System; University of California Los Angeles; University of California System; University of California Los Angeles
摘要：This paper obtains comparable estimates of the effect of unemployment insurance (UI) benefits on labor supply throughout the unemployment spell and over the business cycle using a regression kink design and 20 years of administrative data from California. For a given unemployment duration, the behavioral effect of UI benefit levels on labor supply does not vary with the business cycle from 2002 to 2019. However, due to increased coverage from extensions in benefit durations, the duration elast...
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作者：Atalay, Enghin; Sotelo, Sebastian; Tannenbaum, Daniel
作者单位：Federal Reserve System - USA; Federal Reserve Bank - Philadelphia; University of Michigan System; University of Michigan
摘要：We introduce new measurement tools to understand the sources of earnings differences across space. Based on the natural language employers use in job ads, we develop granular measures of job tasks and of worker specialization. We find that jobs in larger commuting zones involve greater interpersonal interactions and have higher computer software requirements. Between 10% and 50% of task and technology variation between large and small commuting zones exists within occupations. Furthermore, wor...
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作者：Low, Corinne
作者单位：University of Pennsylvania
摘要：This paper quantifies the causal negative impact of age on women's marriage market appeal using an experiment where real online daters rate hypothetical profiles with randomly assigned ages. Truthfulness is incentivized through the experiment's compensation: participants receive professional dating advice customized according to their ratings. The experiment shows that for every year a woman ages, she must earn $7,000 more annually to remain equally attractive to potential partners. This prefe...
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作者：Rim, Nayoung; Rivera, Roman; Kiss, Andrea; Ba, Bocar
作者单位：United States Department of Defense; United States Navy; United States Naval Academy; Columbia University; Carnegie Mellon University; Duke University
摘要：There is evidence showing racial bias in firms' hiring decisions, but less is known about bias in career recognition. We construct a dataset from the second-largest US police department to estimate the Black-white gap in award nominations. Leveraging institutional features, we find that white supervisors are less likely to nominate Black officers conditional on work performance. This appears to be driven by supervisor bias in advocacy decisions rather than statistical discrimination. Given the...
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作者：[Anonymous]
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作者：Adachi, Daisuke; Kawaguchi, Daiji; Saito, Yukiko U.
作者单位：Aarhus University; University of Tokyo; IZA Institute Labor Economics; Waseda University
摘要：This paper studies the relationship between industrial robots and employment in Japan on the basis of a unique dataset that allows us to calculate the unit price of robots. Our model combines standard factor demand theory with a recent task-based approach to derive a simple estimation equation between robot prices and employment, and our identification strategy leverages heterogeneous applications of robots across industries and heterogeneous price changes across applications. We find that the...
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作者：Bell, Brian; Bukowski, Pawel; Machin, Stephen
作者单位：University of London; King's College London; University of London; University College London; University of London; London School Economics & Political Science
摘要：The evolution of rent sharing is studied. Based on a panel of the top 300 publicly quoted British companies over 35 years and using excess stock market returns to patenting activity as an instrument for economic rents, the paper reports evidence of a significant fall over time in the pass-through from rents to wages. It confirms that wages do respond to firm-level shocks to economic rents, but by significantly less after 2000 than during the 1980s and 1990s. The evidence of decline is robust, ...
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作者：Arellano-Bover, Jaime
作者单位：Yale University
摘要：I study the long-term effects of landing a first job at a large firm versus a small one using Spanish administrative data. Size could be a relevant employer attribute for inexperienced workers since large firms are associated with greater productivity, wages, and training. The key empirical challenge is selection into first jobs based on unobserved worker characteristics. I develop an instrumental variable approach that, keeping business cycle conditions fixed, leverages variation in the compo...
