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作者：Salvanes, Kjell G.; Willage, Barton; Willen, Alexander
作者单位：Norwegian School of Economics (NHH); University of Colorado System; University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus; Children's Hospital Colorado; University of Colorado Denver
摘要：Economic shocks occur frequently and may cause individuals to reevaluate key life decisions in ways that have lasting consequences for themselves and the broader economy. These decisions are tied to life stages, and the effect of economic shocks may differ depending on when they occur. We exploit exogenous job separations to study the impact of adverse shocks across the life cycle on labor market outcomes and major life decisions: education, mobility, family structure, and retirement. We find ...
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作者：Foged, Mette; Hasager, Linea; Peri, Giovanni
作者单位：University of Copenhagen; University of California System; University of California Davis
摘要：This paper reviews, reanalyzes, and extends to the long run the estimated effects of integration polices on the employment probability and earnings of refugees in Denmark. We first describe the dynamics of labor market outcomes of refugees in Denmark. We then find that increased language training and initial placement in strong labor markets improved refugees' long-run labor market outcomes, while cutting initial welfare payments and placing refugees near other refugees did not improve them. P...
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作者：Casarico, Alessandra; Lattanzio, Salvatore
作者单位：Bocconi University; Bocconi University; European Central Bank; Bank of Italy
摘要：We study the extent to which employer heterogeneity affects gender gaps in earnings across the distribution, over time, and over the life cycle, accounting for cohort effects. Using a linked employer-employee dataset for Italy, we show that the gender gap in firm pay premia explains 34% of the mean gender pay gap, mainly due to between-firm components. Within-firm differences are more important at the top of the distribution and have become more relevant over time. Gender differences in mobili...
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作者：Riddell, Chris; Riddell, W. Craig
作者单位：University of Waterloo; University of British Columbia; IZA Institute Labor Economics
摘要：The income maintenance experiments have received renewed attention due to growing international interest in a basic income. Proponents of a negative income tax (NIT) viewed it as a replacement for traditional welfare with stronger work incentives. However, existing labor supply estimates for single mothers (those eligible for welfare) are uniformly negative. We reassess the experimental evidence and find randomization failure in two NITs (Gary and Seattle). In Denver and Manitoba, we find posi...
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作者：Lochner, Benjamin; Schulz, Bastian
作者单位：University of Erlangen Nuremberg; IZA Institute Labor Economics; Aarhus University; Leibniz Association; Ifo Institut
摘要：We study the link between firm productivity and the wages that firms pay. Guided by a search-matching model with large firms, worker and firm heterogeneity, and production complementarities, we infer firm productivity by estimating firm-level production functions. Using German data, we find that the most productive firms do not pay the highest wages. Worker transitions from high- to medium-productivity firms are on average associated with wage gains. Productivity sorting-that is, the sorting o...
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作者：Blau, Francine D.; Kahn, Lawrence M.; Boboshko, Nikolai; Comey, Matthew
作者单位：Cornell University; Cornerstone Research
摘要：Using Michigan Panel Study of Income Dynamics data, we study selection bias and the gender wage gap. Employing several methods, we find large declines in the total and unexplained gender gaps in wage offers between 1981 and 2015. Under our preferred selection correction method, the median total and unexplained gaps fell by 0.378 and 0.204 log points, respectively. These are larger declines than if we had not corrected for selection and simply measured convergence in observed wage gaps. However...
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作者：Boehm, Michael J.; von Gaudecker, Hans-Martin; Schran, Felix
作者单位：Dortmund University of Technology; IZA Institute Labor Economics; University of Bonn
摘要：We study the relationship among occupational employment, occupational wages, and wage inequality. In all occupations, entrants and leavers earn less than stayers, suggesting negative selection effects for growing occupations and positive effects for shrinking ones. We estimate a model of occupational prices and skills that includes specific skill accumulation and endogenous switching. Contrary to uncorrected wages, prices and employment growth are positively related. Forty percent of selection...
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作者：Battistin, Erich; Neri, Lorenzo
作者单位：University System of Maryland; University of Maryland College Park; IZA Institute Labor Economics; University of St Andrews; IZA Institute Labor Economics; Leibniz Association; Ifo Institut
摘要：We show that score inflation yields residential sorting around what households expect to be better schools, with long-term consequences for the economic geography of neighborhoods. We consider primary school exams in England, where grading standards have triggered an inflation of indicators in the national performance tables since the mid-1990s. Local neighborhoods were gentrified because of school improvements artificially signaled by score inflation. Competition between schools increased, yi...
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作者：Currie, Janet; Lemieux, Thomas
作者单位：Princeton University; University of British Columbia; National Bureau of Economic Research
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作者：[Anonymous]
