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作者：Battisti, Michele; Michaels, Ryan; Park, Choonsung
作者单位：University of Glasgow; Federal Reserve System - USA; Federal Reserve Bank - Philadelphia
摘要：There is substantial variation in working time even within employer-employee matches, yet estimates of the Frisch elasticity of labor supply can be near zero. This paper proposes a tractable theory of earnings and working time to interpret these observations. Production complementarities attenuate the response of working time to idiosyncratic, or worker-specific, shocks, but firm-wide shocks are mediated by preference parameters. The model can be identified using firm-worker matched data, reve...
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作者：Dong, Xinwei; Hyslop, Dean; Kawaguchi, Daiji
作者单位：Huazhong University of Science & Technology; Waseda University; University of Tokyo
摘要：Firms frequently provide general skill training for workers. Theories propose that labor market frictions entail wage compression, generate larger productivity gains than wage growth to skill acquisition, and motivate a firm to offer general skill training, but few studies directly test them. We use unusually rich data from a temporary help service firm that records both workers' wages and their productivity as measured by the fees charged to client firms. We find that skill acquired through t...
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作者：Massenkoff, Maxim; Wilmers, Nathan
作者单位：United States Department of Defense; United States Navy; Naval Postgraduate School; Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT)
摘要：From 1970 to 2000, worker participation in strikes decreased by 90%. We show that strikers also experienced worse outcomes after 1981. Evidence from the Panel Study of Income Dynamics suggests that strikers enjoyed 5%-10% wage gains before the 1980s but null wage changes thereafter. Additional analyses of other survey data and collective bargaining agreements reinforce the finding that strikes since the 1980s have not been associated with increases in wages, hours, or benefits. We attribute th...
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作者：Jackson, C. Kirabo; Kiguel, Sebastian; Porter, Shanette C.; Easton, John Q.
作者单位：Northwestern University
摘要：We estimate the longer-run effects of attending an effective high school (one that improves a combination of test scores, survey measures of socioemotional development, and behaviors in ninth grade) for students who are more versus less educationally advantaged. All students benefit from attending effective schools, but the least advantaged students experience larger improvements in high school graduation, college going, and school-based arrests. Test score value-added understates the long-run...
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作者：Ferreira, Fernando; Kenney, Jeanna; Smith, Benjamin
作者单位：University of Pennsylvania; National Bureau of Economic Research
摘要：We investigate the impact of recent gentrification shocks on minority neighborhoods in the 50 largest US labor markets. We show that household moves from a given neighborhood are concentrated to few destinations with similar minority shares and strong network ties, but those neighborhoods are farther away from downtown. Gentrification affects Black neighborhoods by raising house prices, reducing the proportion of Black households, and increasing the share of movers going to neighborhoods with ...
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作者：Giupponi, Giulia; Joyce, Robert; Lindner, Attila; Waters, Tom; Wernham, Thomas; Xu, Xiaowei
作者单位：Bocconi University; Centre for Economic Policy Research - UK; University of London; University College London; Centre for Economic Policy Research - UK; University of London; University College London
摘要：We assess the impact of nationwide minimum wages on employment throughout the whole wage distribution by exploiting geographical variation in the level of wages. We find a substantial increase in wages at the bottom of the wage distribution, while we detect a small, statistically insignificant negative effect on employment. Combining the estimated change in the wage distribution with a tax and benefit microsimulation model, we show that the minimum wage generates considerable proportional inco...
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作者：Maestas, Nicole; Messel, Matt; Truskinovsky, Yulya
作者单位：Harvard University; Wayne State University
摘要：A significant share of the rapidly growing demand for long-term care is met by family members, many of whom also work, and family caregiving has been shown to affect labor market outcomes. We use survey responses about family caregiving roles linked to administrative earnings records to estimate the employment trajectories of family caregivers over a 25-year period around the reported start of a caregiving episode. These trajectories vary significantly by gender. Relative to a matched comparis...
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作者：Barrow, Lisa; Morris, Wesley T.; Sartain, Lauren
作者单位：Federal Reserve System - USA; Federal Reserve Bank - Cleveland; University of North Carolina; University of North Carolina Chapel Hill
摘要：Online university courses have become common, though some question whether the modality can adequately substitute for an in-person experience. We explore online course enrollment and student outcomes at a large public 4-year system. Online enrollment nearly doubled from 2012 to 2019. Female students and older students were especially likely to take online classes. Students earned more As and Fs in online courses, but semester grade point averages were higher in terms when students took at leas...
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作者：Abramitzky, Ran; Lavy, Victor; Segev, Maayan
作者单位：Stanford University; University of Warwick; Hebrew University of Jerusalem
摘要：We study the impact of financial incentives on higher education decisions and the choice of major. We rely on a reform whereby Israeli kibbutzim shifted from their traditional policy of equal sharing to productivity-based wages, using for identification the staggered implementation of this reform. In this setting of very low initial returns to education, we find that the dramatic increase in the rate of return and its sharp variation across fields of study led to a large increase in the probab...
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作者：Thomas, James
摘要：This paper empirically analyzes how universities decide which courses to offer and the implications of these decisions for students. At a sample university, course offerings significantly impact student course choices and implicitly sacrifice student utility to increase enrollment in STEM and business and occupational courses. This is because new course sections in these fields have slightly smaller effects on student utility and cost substantially more than new offerings in other fields. The ...
