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作者：Cragun, Randy
摘要：This article uses state-specific timing of legal changes and data from the Current Population Survey and National Longitudinal Survey of Young Women to estimate effects of confidential access to the pill in late adolescence on earnings, labor force participation, and human capital accumulation over the life cycle, finding no evidence of effects. These results are contrary to past research, which imposed a restriction on the regression model that this article shows explains the past results.
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作者：Hara, Hiromi; Rodriguez-Planas, Nuria
作者单位：Meiji University; City University of New York (CUNY) System; Queens College NY (CUNY); University of Barcelona
摘要：This paper explores whether a 1990 reform that eliminated gender-segregated and gender normative industrial arts and home economics classes in Japanese junior high schools led to behavioral changes two decades later, when students were married and in their early 40s. Using a regression discontinuity design and Japanese time use data from 2016, we find that the reform narrowed gender gaps in weekend home production and job-related activities by increasing (decreasing) men's engagement in tradit...
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作者：Jordan, Andrew; Karger, Ezra; Neal, Derek
作者单位：Washington University (WUSTL); Federal Reserve System - USA; Federal Reserve Bank - Chicago; University of Chicago; National Bureau of Economic Research
摘要：We examine 70,581 felony court cases filed in Chicago, Illinois, from 1990 to 2007. We exploit case randomization to assess the impact of judge assignment and sentencing decisions on the arrival of new charges. We estimate separate treatment and outcome equations for first and repeat offenders. In marginal cases, incarceration creates large and lasting reductions in recidivism among first offenders. Yet among marginal repeat offenders, incarceration creates no lasting reductions in the inciden...
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作者：Mohnen, Paul
作者单位：Federal Reserve System - USA; Federal Reserve Bank - Atlanta
摘要：Exploiting cross-commuting zone differences in age composition among the old, this paper estimates the impact of retirements on youth labor market outcomes over the period 1980-2017. In commuting zones where fewer workers retire because of the initial age structure, there is no evidence of significant effects on youth employment, but the share of younger workers in high-skill jobs declines, while the share of younger workers in low-skill jobs rises. Fewer retirements also leads to declining yo...
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作者：Ishimaru, Shoya
作者单位：Hitotsubashi University
摘要：This paper investigates the mechanisms underlying the causal link between childhood location and adulthood economic outcomes. I develop and estimate a dynamic model of individual choice of whether and where to attend college and where to work, accounting for home preferences, spatial search frictions, and moving costs. The estimated model suggests that spatial gaps in college and labor market opportunities, which stem from imperfect mobility in adulthood, play a more important role than variat...
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作者：Blundell, Richard; Bollinger, Christopher R.; Hokayem, Charles; Ziliak, James P.
作者单位：University of London; University College London; University of London; London School Economics & Political Science; University of Kentucky
摘要：We present new estimates of earnings volatility over time and the life cycle for men and women by race and human capital, using Social Security earnings linked to the Current Population Survey. From the late 1970s to the mid-1990s, there is a strong negative trend in earnings volatility driven by a decline in transitory variance. From the mid-1990s, there is relative stability in trends of male earnings volatility due to an increase in the variance of permanent shocks. Cohort analyses indicate...
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作者：Cascio, Elizabeth; Lewis, Ethan
作者单位：Dartmouth College; Dartmouth College
摘要：Does opening the door to US citizenship for unauthorized immigrants cause out-of-control chain migration? We address this question using variation from the legalization programs of the Immigration Reform and Control Act of 1986 (IRCA). Exploiting IRCA's introduction and differences across metropolitan areas in program intensity, we estimate that each IRCA-legalized Mexican was responsible for the subsequent immigration and legal admission of one relative, in total, through 2019. Most sponsored...
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作者：Bandiera, Oriana; Bassi, Vittorio; Burgess, Robin; Rasul, Imran; Sulaiman, Munshi; Vitali, Anna
作者单位：University of London; London School Economics & Political Science; University of Southern California; University of London; University College London; Bangladesh Rural Advancement Committee BRAC; BRAC University; New York University
摘要：There are 420 million young people in Africa today, and only one in three has a regular salaried job. We study how two common labor market interventions-vocational training and matching-affect the job search behavior of young workers. We do so by means of a field experiment tracking young job seekers for 6 years in Uganda's main cities. Vocational training amplifies the job seekers' initial optimism, leading them to search more intensively and toward high-quality firms. Adding matching has the...
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作者：Machado, Cecilia; Reyes, German; Riehl, Evan
作者单位：Getulio Vargas Foundation; Middlebury College; IZA Institute Labor Economics; Cornell University
摘要：We examine the effects of an affirmative action policy at an elite Brazilian university that reserved 45% of admission slots for Black and low-income students. We find that marginally admitted students who enrolled through the affirmative action tracks experienced a 14% increase in early-career earnings. But the adoption of affirmative action also caused a large decrease in earnings for the university's most highly ranked students. We present evidence that the negative spillover effects on hig...
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作者：Barrow, Lisa; Morris, Wesley T.; Sartain, Lauren
