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作者：Aghion, Philippe; Klemm, Alexander; Bond, Stephen; Marinescu, Ioana
作者单位：Harvard University; University of London; London School Economics & Political Science; University of Oxford; University of London; London School Economics & Political Science
摘要：We use data on publicly traded U.K. firms to investigate whether financing choices differ systematically with R&D intensity. As well as looking at a balance sheet measure of the debt/assets ratio, we also consider the probability of raising finance by issuing new equity, and the shares of bank debt and secured debt in total debt. We find a nonlinear relationship with the debt/assets ratio: firms that report positive but low R&D use more debt finance than firms that report no R&D, but the use o...
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作者：Arulampalam, Wiji; Bryan, Mark L.; Booth, Alison L.
作者单位：University of Warwick; University of Essex; Australian National University
摘要：Using the European Community Household Panel, we investigate gender differences in training participation over the period 1994-1999. We focus on lifelong learning, fixed-term contracts, part-time versus full-time work, public/private sector affiliation, and educational attainment. Women are typically no less likely than men to train. While there is no significant training-age profile for women, there is a negative profile for men. In several countries there is a negative association between fi...
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作者：Rogerson, Richard
作者单位：Arizona State University; Arizona State University-Tempe; National Bureau of Economic Research
摘要：This paper challenges the consensus view on the deterioration of European labor market outcomes relative to the United States. When looking at employment to population ratios rather than unemployment rates, I find that the deterioration begins in the mid-1950s and continues through the mid 1990s. I also present evidence to suggest that the key to understanding this deterioration is to understand why Europe has not developed a market service sector similar to the United States. (JEL: E2, J2).
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作者：Christiano, Lawrence J.; Vigfusson, Robert; Eichenbaum, Martin
作者单位：Northwestern University; Federal Reserve System - USA; Federal Reserve System Board of Governors
摘要：We investigate what happens to hours worked after a positive shock to technology, using the aggregate technology series computed in Basu, Fernald, and Kimball (1999). We conclude that hours worked rise after such a shock. (JEL: E24, E32, O3)
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作者：Garibaldi, Pietro; Wasmer, Etienne
作者单位：Bocconi University; Centre for Economic Policy Research - UK; Universite Libre de Bruxelles; Universite de Lorraine
摘要：While there is consensus on the need to raise the time spent in the market by European women, it is not clear how these goals should be achieved. Tax wedges, assistance in the job search process, and part-time jobs are policy instruments that are widely debated in policy circles. The paper presents a simple model of labor supply with market frictions and heterogenous home production where the effects of these policies can be coherently analyzed. We show that subsidies to labor market entry inc...
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作者：Luke, Nancy; Rosenzweig, Mark; Munshi, Kaivan
作者单位：Brown University; Harvard University; National Bureau of Economic Research
摘要：This paper reports on recent research that explores the role of the marriage institution in facilitating economic activity in two urban labor markets: Kisumu, Kenya and Bombay, India. Kin and affine networks, organized around the marriage institution, are shown to improve the individual's labor market outcomes, while at the same time increasing his social obligations, in Kisumu. Caste-based networks, also kept in place by the marriage institution, are shown to shape career choices in Bombay. A...
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作者：Levy, Gilat; Razin, Ronny
作者单位：University of London; London School Economics & Political Science; Tel Aviv University; New York University
摘要：This paper provides a theoretical explanation for the democratic peace hypothesis (i.e., the observation that democracies rarely fight one another). We show that, when information asymmetries and strategic complements are present in the conflict resolution game, the strategic interaction between two democracies differs from that of any other dyad. In our model, the interaction of two democracies produces the highest probability that a conflict will be peacefully resolved. But, it takes two dem...
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作者：Besley, Timothy
作者单位：University of London; London School Economics & Political Science
摘要：This paper looks at the theory behind the idea that paying politicians better will improve their performance. The paper lays out a political agency model with adverse selection and moral hazard where politicians are subject to two-period term limits. This model provides a number of predictions about how the pay of politicians affects agency problems. We also consider what happens when the pool of politicians is endogenous. The main ideas in the model are confronted with data on U.S. governors....
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作者：Besley, Timothy; Rahman, Lupin; Pande, Rohini; Rao, Vijayendra
作者单位：University of London; London School Economics & Political Science; Yale University; The World Bank
摘要：This paper uses village and household survey data from South India to examine how political geography and politician identity impacts on public good provision. We provide evidence that the nature of this relationship varies by type of public good. For high spillover public goods residential proximity to elected representative matters. In contrast, for low spillover public goods sharing the politician's group identity is what matters. (JEL: D78, H40)
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作者：Stutzer, Alois; Lalive, Rafael
作者单位：University of Zurich
摘要：Social norms are usually neglected in economics, because they are to a large extent enforced through nonmarket interactions and difficult to isolate empirically. In this paper, we offer a direct measure of the social norm to work and we show that this norm has important economic effects. The stronger the norm, the more quickly unemployed people find a new job. This behavior can be explained by utility differences, probably due to social pressure. Unemployed people are significantly less happy ...
