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作者：Kitamura, Shuhei; Lagerlof, Nils-Petter
作者单位：University of Osaka; York University - Canada
摘要：Some of the richest places in the world have very high historical border presence, and are often located in particular geographic environments. In this paperwe compile grid-cell level data on borders between sovereign states in Europe and surrounding areas from 1500 until today to document that state borders tend to be located in rugged and mountainous terrain, by rivers, and where it rains a lot. Moreover, two commonly used measures of economic activity-night lights and population density-are...
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作者：Jehiel, Philippe; Lamy, Laurent
作者单位：Institut Polytechnique de Paris; Ecole des Ponts ParisTech; Paris School of Economics; University of London; University College London; Institut Polytechnique de Paris; Ecole des Ponts ParisTech
摘要：Set-aside programs that consist in forbidding access to specific participants are commonly used in procurement auctions. We show that when the set of potential participants is composed of an incumbent (whose entry costs are already sunk) and of entrants who show up endogenously (in such a way that their expected rents are fixed by outside options), then it is always beneficial for revenues to exclude the incumbent in the Vickrey auction. This exclusion principle is generalized to dominant-stra...
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作者：He, Jiaxiu; Gouveia, Nelson; Salvo, Alberto
作者单位：National University of Singapore; Western University (University of Western Ontario); Universidade de Sao Paulo
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作者：Hoffmann, Mathias; Stewen, Iryna
作者单位：University of Zurich; Johannes Gutenberg University of Mainz
摘要：We show how capital inflows into and financial deregulation within the United States interacted in driving the recent boom and bust in U.S. housing prices. Interstate banking deregulation during the 1980s cast a long shadow: in states that opened their banking markets to out-of-state banks earlier, house prices were more sensitive to aggregate U.S. capital inflows during 1997-2012. Capital inflows relaxed the value-at-risk constraints of geographically diversified (integrated) U.S. banks more ...
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作者：Markussen, Simen; Roed, Knut
摘要：Based on complete population data, with the exact same definitions of family class background and economic outcomes for a large number of birth cohorts, we examine post-war trends in intergenerational economic mobility in Norway. Standard summary statistics indicate stable or mildly declining rank-rank mobility for sons and sharply declining mobility for daughters. The most conspicuous trend in the mobility patterns is that men and women born into the lowest parts of the parental earnings dist...
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作者：Sedlacek, Petr
作者单位：University of Oxford
摘要：Uncertainty rises in recessions. But does uncertainty cause downturns or vice versa? This paper argues that counter-cyclical uncertainty fluctuations are a by-product of technology growth. In a firm dynamics model with endogenous technology adoption, faster technology growth widens the dispersion of firm-level productivity shocks, a benchmark uncertainty measure. Moreover, faster technology growth spurs a creative destruction process, generates a temporary downturn, and renders uncertainty cou...
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作者：Fafchamps, Marcel; Labonne, Julien
作者单位：Stanford University; University of Oxford
摘要：We study the distribution of public services by local politicians when political support spreads through social networks. We sketch a model showing that incumbents target goods and services to individuals who would lead to the largest aggregate loss of support if they stopped supporting the incumbent. Those individuals have high betweenness centrality. Using data on 3.6 million households from the Philippines, we show that households with high betweenness centrality receive a greater number of...
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作者：Anderson, Michael L.
作者单位：University of California System; University of California Berkeley
摘要：There is strong evidence that short-run fluctuations in air pollution negatively impact infant health and contemporaneous adult health, but there is less evidence on the causal link between long-term exposure to air pollution and increased adult mortality. This project estimates the impact of long-term exposure to air pollution on mortality by leveraging quasi-random variation in pollution levels generated by wind patterns near major highways. I combine geocoded data on the residence of every ...
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作者：Battaglini, Marco; Nunnari, Salvatore; Palfrey, Thomas R.
作者单位：Cornell University; Bocconi University; California Institute of Technology
摘要：This paper reports the results from a laboratory experiment designed to study political distortions in the accumulation of public debt. A legislature bargains over the levels of a public good and of district specific transfers in two periods. The legislature can issue or purchase risk-free bonds in the first period and the level of public debt creates a dynamic linkage across policymaking periods. In line with the theoretical predictions, we find that public policies are inefficient and effici...
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作者：Singh, Abhijeet
作者单位：Stockholm School of Economics
摘要：I use unique child-level panel data from Ethiopia, India, Peru, and Vietnam, four developing countries with widely differing levels of student achievement, to study the extent to which differences in the productivity of primary schooling can explain international differences in human capital. I document, using identical tests of quantitative skills across countries, that although some cross-sectional gaps in test scores between these countries are evident at preschool ages, these grow substant...
