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作者：Bourles, Renaud; Bramoulle, Yann; Perez-Richet, Eduardo
作者单位：Institut Universitaire de France; Aix-Marseille Universite; Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS); Aix-Marseille Universite
摘要：We provide the first analysis of the risk-sharing implications of altruism networks. Agents are embedded in a fixed network and care about each other. We explore whether altruistic transfers help smooth consumption and how this depends on the shape of the network. We find that altruism networks have a first-order impact on risk. Altruistic transfers generate efficient insurance when the network of perfect altruistic ties is strongly connected. We uncover two specific empirical implications of ...
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作者：Klor, Esteban F.; Saiegh, Sebastian; Satyanath, Shanker
作者单位：Hebrew University of Jerusalem; University of California System; University of California San Diego; New York University
摘要：We study whether crony governance can extend beyond economic policy to the targeting of state violence against citizens. Specifically, we examine the logic driving the choice of firm-level union representatives who were subjected to state repression by the 1976-1983 Argentine military junta. Using an original dataset, we find a positive, nonspurious, and robust correlation between labor repression and cronyism, measured by political, business, and social connections to the regime. Our results ...
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作者：Hamory, Joan; Kleemans, Marieke; Li, Nicholas Y.; Miguel, Edward
作者单位：University of Oklahoma System; University of Oklahoma - Norman; University of Illinois System; University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign; University of California System; University of California Berkeley; National Bureau of Economic Research
摘要：Recent research has pointed to large gaps in labor productivity between the agricultural and non-agricultural sectors in low-income countries, as well as between workers in rural and urban areas. Most estimates are based on national accounts or repeated cross-sections of microsurvey data, and as a result typically struggle to account for individual selection between sectors. This paper uses long-run individual-level panel data from two low-income countries (Indonesia and Kenya) to explore thes...
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作者：Lavy, Victor
作者单位：University of Warwick; Hebrew University of Jerusalem
摘要：I study the long-term consequences of an effective free school choice program that targeted disadvantaged students in Israel two decades ago. I show that the program led to significant gains in post-secondary education through increased enrolment in academic and teachers' colleges without any increase in enrolment in research universities. Free school choice also increased earnings at the adulthood of treated students. Male students had much larger improvements in college schooling and labor m...
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作者：Charness, Gary; Oprea, Ryan; Yuksel, Sevgi
作者单位：University of California System; University of California Santa Barbara
摘要：People in our experiment choose between two information sources with opposing biases in order to inform their guesses about a binary state. By varying the nature of the bias, we vary whether it is optimal to consult information sources biased towards or against prior beliefs. Even in our deliberately-abstract setting, there is strong evidence of confirmation-seeking and to a lesser extent contradiction-seeking heuristics leading people to choose information sources biased towards or against th...
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作者：Boleslavsky, Raphael; Shadmehr, Mehdi; Sonin, Konstantin
作者单位：University of Miami; University of Chicago; University of North Carolina; University of North Carolina Chapel Hill; HSE University (National Research University Higher School of Economics)
摘要：Popular protests and palace coups are the two domestic threats to dictators. We show that free media, which informs citizens about their rulers, is a double-edged sword that alleviates one threat, but exacerbates the other. Informed citizens may protest against a ruler, but they may also protest to restore her after a palace coup. We develop a model in which citizens engage in a regime-change global game, and media freedom is a ruler's instrument for Bayesian persuasion, used to manage the com...
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作者：Cantore, Cristiano; Ferroni, Filippo; Leon-Ledesma, Miguel
作者单位：Bank of England; University of Surrey; Federal Reserve System - USA; Federal Reserve Bank - Chicago; University of Kent
摘要：The textbook New Keynesian (NK) model implies that the labor share is procyclical conditional on a monetary policy shock. We present evidence that a monetary policy tightening robustly increased the labor share and decreased real wages during the Great Moderation period in the United States, the Euro Area, the United Kingdom, Australia, and Canada. We show that this is inconsistent not only with the basic NK model, but also with medium-scale NK models commonly used for monetary policy analysis...
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作者：Eyster, Erik; Madarasz, Kristof; Michaillat, Pascal
作者单位：University of California System; University of California Santa Barbara; University of London; London School Economics & Political Science; Brown University
摘要：This paper proposes a theory of pricing premised upon the assumptions that customers dislike unfair prices-those marked up steeply over cost-and that firms take these concerns into account when setting prices. Because they do not observe firms' costs, customers must extract costs from prices. The theory assumes that customers infer less than rationally: When a price rises due to a cost increase, customers partially misattribute the higher price to a higher markup-which they find unfair. Firms ...
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作者：Chakravarty, Abhishek; Parey, Matthias; Wright, Greg C.
作者单位：University of Manchester; University of Surrey; University of California System; University of California Merced
摘要：We estimate the effects of in-utero exposure to a trade embargo on survival and human capital in an import-dependent developing country. Using a regression discontinuity design, we find that a nearly comprehensive embargo imposed by India on Nepal in 1989 led to a large decline in reported live births, and increased early life mortality. The decline in births is concentrated in poorer, more remote districts, and is sharper for female births than male births, consistent with documented gender d...
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作者：Berlingieri, Giuseppe; Pisch, Frank; Steinwender, Claudia
作者单位：ESSEC Business School; University of St Gallen
摘要：We study how the technological importance of inputs-measured by cost shares-is related to the decision to make or buy that input. Using detailed French international trade data and an instrumental variable approach based on self-constructed input-output tables, we show that multinationals vertically integrate technologically important inputs. A stylized incomplete contracting model with both ex-ante and ex-post inefficiencies explains why: Technologically more important inputs are made when tr...
