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作者：Berliant, Marcus; Watanabe, Axel H.
作者单位：Washington University (WUSTL); Concordia University - Canada; Universite de Montreal
摘要：Zipf's law is one of the best known empirical regularities in urban economics. There is extensive research on the subject, where each city is treated symmetrically in terms of the cost of transactions with other cities. Recent developments in network theory facilitate the examination of an asymmetric transport network. In a scale-free network, the chance of observing extremes in network connections becomes higher than the Gaussian distribution predicts and, therefore, it explains the emergence...
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作者：Gordon, Grey; Qiu, Shi
作者单位：Indiana University System; Indiana University Bloomington
摘要：A divide and conquer algorithm for exploiting policy function monotonicity is proposed and analyzed. To solve a discrete problem with n states and n choices, the algorithm requires at most nlog(2)(n)+5n objective function evaluations. In contrast, existing methods for nonconcave problems require n(2) evaluations in the worst case. For concave problems, the solution technique can be combined with a method exploiting concavity to reduce evaluations to 14n+2log(2)(n). A version of the algorithm e...
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作者：Gayle, George-Levi; Golan, Limor; Soytas, Mehmet A.
作者单位：Washington University (WUSTL); Federal Reserve System - USA; Federal Reserve Bank - St. Louis; Ozyegin University
摘要：This paper explores the estimation of a class of life-cycle discrete choice dynastic models. It provides a new representation of the value function for these class of models. It compare a multistage conditional choice probability (CCP) estimator based on the new value function representation with a modified version of the full solution maximum likelihood estimator (MLE) in a Monte Carlo study. The modified CCP estimator performs comparably to the MLE in a finite sample but greatly reduces the ...
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作者：Ambrus, Attila; Chaney, Eric; Salitskiy, Igor
作者单位：Duke University; National Bureau of Economic Research; University of Oxford
摘要：We investigate the effect of delay on prices in bargaining situations using a data set containing thousands of captives ransomed from Barbary pirates between 1575 and 1692. Plausibly exogenous variation in the delay in ransoming provides evidence that negotiating delays decreased the size of ransom payments, and that much of the effect stems from the signalling value of strategic delay, in accordance with theoretical predictions. We also structurally estimate a version of the screening type ba...
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作者：Cowell, Frank A.; Flachaire, Emmanuel
作者单位：University of London; London School Economics & Political Science; Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS); Aix-Marseille Universite; Aix-Marseille Universite
摘要：Our new approach to mobility measurement involves separating out the valuation of positions in terms of individual status (using income, social rank, or other criteria) from the issue of movement between positions. The quantification of movement is addressed using a general concept of distance between positions and a parsimonious set of axioms that characterize the distance concept and yield a class of aggregative indices. This class of indices induces a superclass of mobility measures over th...
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作者：Arai, Yoichi; Ichimura, Hidehiko
作者单位：Waseda University; University of Tokyo
摘要：A new bandwidth selection method that uses different bandwidths for the local linear regression estimators on the left and the right of the cut-off point is proposed for the sharp regression discontinuity design estimator of the average treatment effect at the cut-off point. The asymptotic mean squared error of the estimator using the proposed bandwidth selection method is shown to be smaller than other bandwidth selection methods proposed in the literature. The approach that the bandwidth sel...
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作者：Caetano, Gregorio; Maheshri, Vikram
作者单位：University of Rochester; University of Houston System; University of Houston
摘要：Does crime in a neighborhood cause future crime? Without a source of quasi-experimental variation in local crime, we develop an identification strategy that leverages a recently developed test of exogeneity (Caetano (2015)) to select a feasible regression model for causal inference. Using a detailed incident-based data set of all reported crimes in Dallas from 2000 to 2007, we find some evidence of dynamic spillovers within certain types of crimes, but no evidence that lighter crimes cause mor...
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作者：Epple, Dennis; Jha, Akshaya; Sieg, Holger
作者单位：Carnegie Mellon University; National Bureau of Economic Research; Carnegie Mellon University; University of Pennsylvania
摘要：Many urban school districts in the United States and OECD countries confront the necessity of closing schools due to declining enrollments. To address this important policy question, we formulate a sequential game where a superintendent is tasked with closing down a certain percentage of student capacity; parents respond to these school closings by sorting into the remaining schools. We estimate parents' preferences for each school in their choice set using 4 years of student-level data from a...
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作者：Komarova, Tatiana; Sanches, Fabio; Silva, Daniel, Jr.; Srisuma, Sorawoot
作者单位：University of London; London School Economics & Political Science; Pontificia Universidade Catolica do Rio de Janeiro; City St Georges, University of London; University of Surrey
摘要：Most empirical and theoretical econometric studies of dynamic discrete choice models assume the discount factor to be known. We show the knowledge of the discount factor is not necessary to identify parts, or even all, of the payoff function. We show the discount factor can be generically identified jointly with the payoff parameters. On the other hand, it is known the payoff function cannot be nonparametrically identified without any a priori restrictions. Our identification of the discount f...
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作者：Kim, Wooyoung; Kwon, Koohyun; Kwon, Soonwoo; Lee, Sokbae
作者单位：University of Wisconsin System; University of Wisconsin Madison; Yale University; Columbia University; Columbia University
摘要：In this paper, we investigate what can be learned about average counterfactual outcomes as well as average treatment effects when it is assumed that treatment response functions are smooth. We obtain a set of new partial identification results for both the average treatment response and the average treatment effect. In particular, we find that the monotone treatment response and monotone treatment selection bound of Manski and Pepper, 2000 can be further tightened if we impose the smoothness c...
