A scale-free transportation network explains the city-size distribution

• 成果类型: Article
• 署名作者: Berliant, Marcus; Watanabe, Axel H.
• 署名单位: Washington University (WUSTL); Concordia University - Canada; Universite de Montreal
• 刊物名称: QUANTITATIVE ECONOMICS
• ISSN/ISSBN: 1759-7323
• DOI: 10.3982/QE619
• 发表日期: 2018
• 页码: 1419-1451
• 关键词: Zipf's law; city-size distribution; scale-free network

摘要

Zipf's law is one of the best known empirical regularities in urban economics. There is extensive research on the subject, where each city is treated symmetrically in terms of the cost of transactions with other cities. Recent developments in network theory facilitate the examination of an asymmetric transport network. In a scale-free network, the chance of observing extremes in network connections becomes higher than the Gaussian distribution predicts and, therefore, it explains the emergence of large clusters. The city-size distribution shares the same pattern. This paper decodes how accessibility of a city to other cities on the transportation network can boost its local economy and explains the city-size distribution as a result of its underlying transportation network structure. We confirm our model predictions with US and Belgian data. Finally, we discuss the endogenous evolution of transport networks.