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作者：MacGarvie, M
作者单位：Boston University; National Bureau of Economic Research
摘要：Using patent citations as a proxy for the influence of foreign technology on French firms' patents, this paper finds that the inventions of importers are significantly more likely to be influenced by foreign technology than are the inventions of firms that do not import. Furthermore, importers' citations increase relative to similar firms after they start importing. Exporting, in contrast, is not significantly associated with citations to foreign patents. These results persist after controllin...
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作者：Schlenker, W; Hanemann, WM; Fisher, AC
作者单位：Columbia University; University of California System; University of California Berkeley
摘要：We link farmland values to climatic, soil, and socioeconomic variables for U. S. counties east of the 100th meridian, the historical boundary of agriculture not primarily dependent on irrigation. Degree days, a nonlinear transformation of the climatic variables suggested by agronomic experiments as more relevant to crop yield, gives an improved fit and increased robustness. Estimated coefficients are consistent with the experimental results. The model is employed to estimate the potential impa...
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作者：Frondel, M; Schmidt, CM
作者单位：Ruhr University Bochum; Centre for Economic Policy Research - UK
摘要：Since the first statement of Hicks's induced innovation hypothesis in 1932, a large number of theoretical and empirical studies have analyzed the issue of price-induced technological change-many of them on the basis of substitution elasticities. This note compares technologies across space and time on the basis of factual and counterfactual substitution elasticities and argues that differences in estimated substitution elasticities should be decomposed into two counterfactual components. The f...
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作者：Yang, Dean
作者单位：University of Michigan System; University of Michigan; National Bureau of Economic Research
摘要：This paper distinguishes between target-earnings and life cycle motivations for return migration by examining how Philippine migrants' return decisions respond to major, unexpected exchange rate changes in their overseas locations (due to the Asian financial crisis). Overall, the evidence favors the life cycle explanation: more favorable exchange rate shocks lead to fewer migrant returns. A 10% improvement in the exchange rate reduces the 12-month return rate by 1.4 percentage points. However,...
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作者：Mayda, Anna Maria
作者单位：Georgetown University
摘要：This paper empirically analyzes economic and noneconomic determinants of individual attitudes toward immigrants, within and across countries. The two survey data sets used, covering a wide range developed and developing countries, make it possible to test for interactive effects between individual characteristics and country-level attributes. In particular, theory predicts that the correlation between pro-immigration attitudes and individual skill should be related to the skill composition nat...
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作者：Vytlacil, Edward
作者单位：Stanford University
摘要：This note shows that the local average treatment effect (LATE) assumptions of Angrist and Imbens are weaker than imposing an ordered, discrete-choice selection model if one imposes the standard assumption of constant thresholds in the latter. However, the note extends results of Vytlacil to show that the LATE assumptions are equivalent to an ordered, discrete-choice selection model if one allows for random thresholds in the latter. A nonparametric representation result for ordered, discrete-ch...
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作者：Pence, KM
作者单位：Federal Reserve System - USA
摘要：Foreclosure laws govern the rights of borrowers and lenders when borrowers default on mortgages. In states with laws favoring the borrower, the supply of mortgage credit may decrease because lenders face higher costs. To examine the laws' effects, I compare approved mortgage applications in census tracts that border each other but are located in different states. Using a regression-discontinuity design and semiparametric estimation methods, I find that loan sizes are 3% to 7% smaller in defaul...
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作者：Holzer, Harry J.; Raphael, Steven; Stoll, Michael A.
作者单位：Georgetown University; University of California System; University of California Berkeley; University of California System; University of California Los Angeles
摘要：Employers became more willing to hire a range of disadvantaged workers during the 1990s boom-including minorities, workers with certain stigmas (such as welfare recipients), and those without recent experience or high school diplomas. The wages paid to newly hired less-skilled workers also increased. On the other hand, employers' demand for specific skill certification rose over time, as did their use of certain screens. The results suggest that the tight labor markets of the late 1990s, in co...
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作者：Shapiro, Jesse M.
作者单位：University of Chicago
摘要：From 1940 to 1990, a 10% increase in a metropolitan area's concentration of college-educated residents was associated with a 0.8% increase in subsequent employment growth. Instrumental variables estimates support a causal relationship between college graduates and employment growth, but show no evidence of an effect of high school graduates. Using data on growth in wages, rents, and house values, I calibrate a neoclassical city growth model and find that roughly 60% of the employment growth ef...
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作者：Goetzmann, W; Peng, LA
作者单位：Yale University; University of Colorado System; University of Colorado Boulder
摘要：We analyze a bias in transaction-based price indexes due to the presence of seller reservation prices. We develop a model in which the ratio of sellers' reservation prices to the market value affects trading volume and biases of observed transaction prices: when trading volume decreases (increases), index returns are estimated with an upward (downward) bias. We propose a new econometric procedure to mitigate the bias, and use simulations to demonstrate the effectiveness of the procedure. We co...
