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作者：Dowling, Melissa-Ellen
作者单位：Flinders University; Flinders University
摘要：To the detriment of liberal democracy, governments have struggled to prevent the exploitation of personal data for voter manipulation in the digital era. Laws pertaining to political microtargeting are often piecemeal and tend to derive from a combination of laws on electoral advertising and privacy. Evidence indicates that this approach is insufficient to curtail microtargeting. However, little is known about the regulation of microtargeting outside of the European and US contexts within whic...
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作者：Siddiki, Saba; Frantz, Christopher K.
作者单位：Syracuse University; Norwegian University of Science & Technology (NTNU)
摘要：Over the last decade, there has been increased interest in understanding the design (i.e., content) of regulation as a basis for studying regulation formation, implementation, and outcomes. Within this line of research, scholars have been particularly interested in investigating regulatory dynamics relating to features and patterns of regulatory text and have engaged a variety of methodological approaches to support their assessments. One approach featured in this research is the Institutional...
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作者：McAllister, Ian; Biddle, Nicholas
作者单位：Australian National University; Australian National University
摘要：Distributive politics-or pork barreling-is prevalent across many political systems. It aims to influence the vote by directing discretionary spending to constituencies and/or groups of voters that are important for their re-election. We term this the objective dimension to pork barreling. However, we argue that for pork barreling to deliver rewards, voters must also be aware that they are gaining a special benefit from government-the subjective dimension. Using a unique Australian dataset that...
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作者：Egger, Clara; Caselli, Tommaso; Tziafas, Georgios; Phalle, Eugenie de Saint; Vries, Wietse de
作者单位：Erasmus University Rotterdam; Erasmus University Rotterdam - Excl Erasmus MC; University of Groningen; University of Groningen
摘要：This paper contributes to ongoing scholarly debates on the merits and limitations of computational legal text analysis by reflecting on the results of a research project documenting exceptional COVID-19 management measures in Europe. The variety of exceptional measures adopted in countries characterized by different legal systems and natural languages, as well as the rapid evolution of such measures, pose considerable challenges to manual textual analysis methods traditionally used in the soci...
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作者：Bunea, Adriana; Lipcean, Sergiu
作者单位：University of Bergen
摘要：What explains the levels and diversity of stakeholder participation in public commenting on bureaucratic policymaking? We examine a novel dataset on a stakeholder engagement mechanism recently introduced by the European Commission containing information about 1258 events organized between 2016 and 2019. We highlight the importance of administrative acts' characteristics and acknowledge the role of policy area type. Acts corresponding to early policy stages, broader in scope, less technical, an...
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作者：Foster, Chase
作者单位：Technical University of Munich; Technical University of Munich
摘要：Many scholars predict that European integration will foster adversarial legalism in Europe. In this article, I empirically assess the Eurolegalism thesis by examining EU regulatory mandates in the competition and securities fields, two policy areas where adversarial legalism is seen as most likely to develop. I argue that the diffusion of adversarial legalism to Europe has faced significant political opposition in the EU policymaking process which has curtailed the use of private enforcement m...
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作者：Cecot, Caroline; Hahn, Robert W.
作者单位：George Mason University; University of Oxford; George Mason University
摘要：US regulatory agencies have been encouraged to consider the equity and distributional impacts of regulations for decades. This paper examines the extent to which such analysis is done and provides recommendations for improving it. We analyze 189 regulatory impact analyses (RIAs) that monetize at least some benefits and costs prepared by a variety of agencies from October 2003 to January 2021. We find that only two RIAs calculated the net benefits of a policy for a specific demographic group. F...
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作者：Fernandez, Juan J.; Sanchez, Pilar
作者单位：Universidad Carlos III de Madrid; Universidad Carlos III de Madrid
摘要：Many studies show that supranational governance structures (SGS)-understood as international organizations or international treaties-contribute to the global diffusion of public policies. However, we still have a limited understanding of which properties of SGS hasten the number of policy adoptions. To advance this literature, we argue that SGS making legally binding and univocal claims are more likely to act as diffusion accelerators. We demonstrate the suitability of this argument through a ...
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作者：Elizondo, Alejandra; Mejia, Luis E.
作者单位：Centro de Investigacion y Docencia Economicas A.C. (CIDE); Hertie School
摘要：How do the systemic features of a developing country shape regulatory policy choices? This paper examines the rationale behind the regulatory strategy adopted by Mexico's Safety, Energy, and Environment Agency (the ASEA), established after the country's 2013 energy reform to oversee the environmental and industrial safety of the entire national oil and gas sector. Building on the literature on high-hazard regulation and the necessary conditions for effective regulatory design, we examine 24 co...
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作者：Wang, Yueduan
作者单位：Peking University
摘要：A commonly held view maintains that diminished autonomy substantially weakens the capacity of legal institutions to challenge state entities, particularly in authoritarian contexts. This study offers an alternative perspective through an empirical analysis of China's recent implementation of prosecutor-led public interest litigation against state agencies. It suggests that integration within an authoritarian framework might, at least temporarily, enhance the leverage of justice institutions ov...
