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作者：Balsvik, Ragnhild
作者单位：Norwegian School of Economics (NHH)
摘要：Does hiring workers with experience from multinationals (MNEs) increase productivity in non-MNEs? Tracing worker flows between plants in Norwegian manufacturing during the 1990s, I find a positive correlation between the share of workers with MNE experience in non-MNEs and the productivity of these plants. Workers with MNE experience contribute 20% more to the productivity of their plant than workers without such experience, even after controlling for differences in unobservable worker charact...
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作者：Desai, Mihir A.; Dharmapala, Dhammika
作者单位：Harvard University; National Bureau of Economic Research; University of Illinois System; University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign
摘要：This paper investigates how dividend taxes influence portfolio choices, using the response to the distinctive treatment of a subset of foreign dividends in the Jobs and Growth Tax Relief Reconciliation Act (JGTRRA) of 2003. An open-economy after-tax capital asset pricing model is used to derive the hypothesis that JGTRRA should lead to a portfolio reallocation by U.S. investors toward equities in tax-favored countries. A difference-in-difference analysis that compares U.S. equity holdings in a...
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作者：Harrison, Ann; McMillan, Margaret
作者单位：University of California System; University of California Berkeley; National Bureau of Economic Research; Tufts University
摘要：Using firm-level data collected by the U. S. Bureau of Economic Analysis, we estimate the impact on U. S. manufacturing employment of changes in foreign affiliate wages. We show that the motive for offshoring and, consequently, the location of offshore activity, significantly affects the impact of offshoring on parent employment. In general, offshoring to low-wage countries substitutes for domestic employment. However, for firms that do significantly different tasks at home and abroad, foreign...
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作者：Jacks, David S.; O'Rourke, Kevin H.; Williamson, Jeffrey G.
作者单位：Simon Fraser University; National Bureau of Economic Research; Trinity College Dublin; Harvard University; University of Wisconsin System; University of Wisconsin Madison
摘要：Poor countries are more volatile than rich countries, and this volatility impedes their growth. Furthermore, commodity prices are a key source of that volatility. This paper explores price volatility since 1700 to offer three stylized facts: commodity price volatility has not increased over time, commodities have always shown greater price volatility than manufactures, and world market integration breeds less commodity price volatility. Thus, economic isolation is associated with much greater ...
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作者：Baird, Sarah; Friedman, Jed; Schady, Norbert
作者单位：George Washington University; The World Bank
摘要：Health and income are strongly correlated both within and across countries, yet the extent to which improvements in income have a causal effect on health status remains controversial. We investigate whether short-term fluctuations in aggregate income affect infant mortality using an unusually large data set of 1.7 million births in 59 developing countries. We show a large, negative association between per capita GDP and infant mortality. Female infant mortality is more sensitive than male infa...
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作者：Imberman, Scott A.
作者单位：University of Houston System; University of Houston
摘要：I use a long panel with broad grade coverage to establish whether charter schools affect cognitive and noncognitive skill formation. Schools that begin as charters generate large improvements in discipline and attendance but not test scores, with the exception of math in middle schools. This suggests improvements in noncognitive but not cognitive skills, although these improvements do not persist if students return to regular public schools. Charters that convert from regular public schools ha...
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作者：Kilian, Lutz; Vega, Clara
作者单位：University of Michigan System; University of Michigan; Federal Reserve System - USA; Federal Reserve System Board of Governors
摘要：We propose a formal test of the hypothesis that energy prices are predetermined with respect to U.S. macroeconomic aggregates. The test is based on regressing changes in daily energy prices on daily news from U.S. macroeconomic data releases. Using a wide range of macroeconomic news, we find no compelling evidence of feedback at daily or monthly horizons, contradicting the view that energy prices respond instantaneously to macroeconomic news and consistent with the commonly used identifying as...
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作者：Coibion, Olivier; Gorodnichenko, Yuriy
作者单位：William & Mary; National Bureau of Economic Research; University of California System; University of California Berkeley
摘要：We consider a dynamic stochastic general equilibrium model (DSGE) in which firms follow one of four price-setting regimes: sticky prices, sticky information, rule of thumb, or full-information flexible prices. The parameters of the model, including the fraction of each type of firm, are estimated by matching the moments of the observed variables of the model to those found in the data. We find that sticky price firms and sticky information firms jointly account for over 80% of firms in the mod...
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作者：Pickering, Andrew; Rockey, James
作者单位：University of Bristol; University of Leicester
摘要：We analyze the impact of ideology on the size of government. In a simple model, the government sets redistribution and provision of public services according to the preferences of the median voter. Ideology is defined in terms of preferences for public services, and the impact of ideology on the size of government is shown to increase with mean income. This idea is tested using measures of ideology based on party manifestos. We show that the interaction of ideology and mean income has a major ...
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作者：Van Ourti, Tom; Clarke, Philip
作者单位：Erasmus University Rotterdam; Erasmus University Rotterdam - Excl Erasmus MC; University of Sydney; Australian National University
摘要：We propose a first-order bias correction term for the Gini index to reduce the bias due to grouping. It depends on only the number of individuals in each group and is derived from a measurement error framework. We also provide a formula for the remaining second-order bias. Both Monte Carlo and EU and U. S. empirical evidence show that the first-order correction reduces a considerable share of the bias, but that some remaining second-order bias is increasing in the variance. We propose a proced...
