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作者：Morikawa, Masayuki
摘要：This study aims to empirically investigate the determinants of service industry productivity, such as economies of scale and economies of density. By using establishment-level data related to personal service industries in Japan, the study estimates the production functions for both value-added and physical output measures. In almost all the service industries examined, significant economies of scale and economies of density are observed, wherein productivity increases by 7% to 15% when the mu...
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作者：Davis, Lucas W.
作者单位：National Bureau of Economic Research
摘要：This paper uses restricted census microdata to examine housing values and rents for neighborhoods in the United States where power plants were opened during the 1990s. Compared to neighborhoods with similar housing and demographic characteristics, neighborhoods within 2 miles of plants experienced 3%-7% decreases in housing values and rents, with some evidence of larger decreases within 1 mile and for large-capacity plants. In addition, there is evidence of taste-based sorting, with neighborho...
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作者：Redding, Stephen J.; Sturm, Daniel M.; Wolf, Nikolaus
作者单位：Princeton University; University of London; London School Economics & Political Science; Humboldt University of Berlin
摘要：A central prediction of a large class of theoretical models is that industry location is not uniquely determined by fundamentals. Despite the theoretical prominence of this idea, there is little systematic evidence in support of its empirical relevance. This paper exploits the division of Germany after World War II and the reunification of East and West Germany as an exogenous shock to industry location. Focusing on a particular economic activity, an air hub, we develop a body of evidence that...
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作者：Reber, Sarah J.
作者单位：University of California System; University of California Los Angeles; National Bureau of Economic Research
摘要：School desegregation might have induced unintended behavioral responses of white families as well as state and local governments. This paper examines these responses and is the first to study the effects of desegregation on the finances of school districts. Desegregation induced white flight from blacker to whiter public school districts and to private schools, but the local property tax base and local revenue were not adversely affected. The state legislature directed significant new funding ...
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作者：Conley, Timothy G.; Taber, Christopher R.
作者单位：University of Chicago; University of Wisconsin System; University of Wisconsin Madison
摘要：In difference-in-differences applications, identification of the key parameter often arises from changes in policy by a small number of groups. In contrast, typical inference assumes that the number of groups changing policy is large. We present an alternative inference approach for a small (finite) number of policy changers, using information from a large sample of nonchanging groups. Treatment effect point estimators are not consistent, but we can consistently estimate their asymptotic distr...
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作者：Just, David R.; Wansink, Brian
作者单位：Cornell University
摘要：Are price and consumption independent in flat-rate price service contexts? A field experiment at an all-you-can-eat pizza restaurant shows that a 50% discount on the price of the meal led customers to consume 27.9% less pizza (2.95 versus 4.09 pieces). A second analysis indicated that individual taste ratings of this pizza tended to be inversely related to how much is consumed. One possible interpretation of these two findings is that individuals in a flat-rate (or fixed-price) context may con...
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作者：Lubotsky, Darren
作者单位：University of Illinois System; University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign
摘要：Since recent immigrants tend to earn less than natives, their relative earnings have been adversely affected by an increase in the return to labor market skills over the past three decades. Using longitudinal Social Security records matched to cross-sections of the SIPP and CPS, I estimate the return to skills rose by 41% between 1980 and 1997. This reduced the relative earnings of immigrants who arrived in the 1980s and early 1990s by 10 to 15 percentage points. Examining solely the earnings ...
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作者：Carroll, Christopher D.; Slacalek, Jiri; Sommer, Martin
作者单位：Johns Hopkins University; International Monetary Fund
摘要：This paper estimates the degree of stickiness in aggregate consumption growth (sometimes interpreted as reflecting consumption habits) for thirteen advanced economies. We find that after controlling for measurement error, consumption growth has a high degree of autocorrelation, with a stickiness parameter of about 0.7 on average across countries. The sticky consumption growth model outperforms the random walk model of Hall (1978) and typically fits the data better than the popular Campbell and...
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作者：Kilian, Lutz; Kim, Yun Jung
作者单位：University of Michigan System; University of Michigan
摘要：We compare the finite-sample performance of impulse response confidence intervals based on local projections (LPs) and vector autoregressive (VAR) models in linear stationary settings. We find that in small samples, the asymptotic LP interval often is less accurate than the bias-adjusted bootstrap VAR interval, notwithstanding its excessive average length. Although the asymptotic LP interval has adequate coverage in sufficiently large samples, its average length still far exceeds that of bias-...
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作者：Greenlees, John S.; McClelland, Robert
作者单位：United States Department of Labor
摘要：In this paper we provide new evidence on the impact on the U.S. CPI of the appearance and growth of new types of product outlets. Our CPI food microdata permit a more detailed categorization of outlet types than in previous studies, and we can adjust for numerous differences in item characteristics. We also examine the effects of changes in outlet mix not only across outlet categories but also within those categories. In our sample, we find that the upward impact on price from increased item q...
