AGGREGATE INCOME SHOCKS AND INFANT MORTALITY IN THE DEVELOPING WORLD

• 成果类型: Article
• 署名作者: Baird, Sarah; Friedman, Jed; Schady, Norbert
• 署名单位: George Washington University; The World Bank
• 刊物名称: REVIEW OF ECONOMICS AND STATISTICS
• ISSN/ISSBN: 0034-6535
• DOI: 10.1162/REST_a_00084
• 发表日期: 2011-08
• 页码: 847-856
• 关键词: child survival; HEALTH; fluctuations; cyclicality; outcomes; CRISIS

摘要

Health and income are strongly correlated both within and across countries, yet the extent to which improvements in income have a causal effect on health status remains controversial. We investigate whether short-term fluctuations in aggregate income affect infant mortality using an unusually large data set of 1.7 million births in 59 developing countries. We show a large, negative association between per capita GDP and infant mortality. Female infant mortality is more sensitive than male infant mortality to negative economic shocks, suggesting that policies that protect the health status of female infants may be especially important during economic downturns.